The
mechanical model of melt-blown nonwovens (MNs) serves
as the
foundation for performance optimization, which can offer helpful guidance
for product material selection, structural design, and cost control.
However, it is challenging to describe the micromechanics failure
mechanism of MNs using the traditional mechanical model, which aims
to match the model curve with the experimental result at the macrolevel.
Herein, a micromechanics failure model for MNs based on sliding–orientation
competition is developed. Through in situ observations of fiber position
changes and the fluctuation of stress–strain curves, fiber
sliding and orientation are introduced into the failure process of
MNs. Due to fiber bonding and static friction, only orientation happens
during the first stage of stretching. In dramatic contrast, the fibers
will slide and orient in the second stage of stretching to change
their positions in response to the external force. Sliding friction,
fiber bonding, and static friction make up the stress of MNs, and
the conflict of fiber sliding and orientation causes variations in
the stress. The model has been successfully applied to polylactic
acid (PLA) MNs, which proves the effectiveness of the model in MNs.