Sound speed and attenuation measurements in unconsolidated glass-bead sediments saturated with viscous pore fluids

Hefner, Brian T.; Williams, Kevin L.

doi:10.1121/1.2354030

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The porosity of this packing, excluding the upper and lower layers, is β = 0.3894, which is similar to the porosities measured for glass spheres (β = 0.384 was measured for glass beads in water in Ref. 4). To measure the porosity in these simulations on the scale of a single sphere, Calantoni has been finalizing code that can isolate cubic sections of the simulation space and determine the portions of the spheres which lie in the boundaries of each cube.…”

Section: Work Completedsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…These simulations represent an idealized medium in which we can control the factors which affect the interactions between the grains, including normal and shear friction, the force laws governing the contact dynamics, and the size distribution of the particles. These results will provide statistical descriptions of a glass-bead medium necessary to compare theory to the results of laboratory measurements taken in glass-bead sediments [4].…”

Section: Force Chain and Porosity Variation Quantification And Sound mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second test of any developed scattering theory will be performed in the laboratory using the glass bead sediments at APL [4]. Previous measurements have determined the sound speed and attenuation in these sediments in the absence of scatterers.…”

Section: Form Approved Omb No 0704-0188mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lab Investigations and Numerical Modeling of Loss Mechanisms in Sound Propagation in Sandy Sediments

Hefner¹

2006

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LONG-TERM GOALSTo develop accurate models for high frequency sound propagation in shallow water sediments. OBJECTIVESThe scientific objectives are to: 1) quantify the relative importance of scattering and frictional losses in the attenuation of sound in sediment, 2) evaluate and improve existing models of sound propagation and, 3) develop more complete models of sound propagation which can account for the complexity of shallow water sediments. APPROACHThe potential loss mechanisms for propagation in sandy sediments will be investigated through numerical modeling, laboratory investigations, and field data analyses. Efforts will be made to determine the relative importance of each of these mechanisms and to use these results to improve existing propagation models or to develop new theories of acoustic propagation through sand sediments. Laboratory investigations of scatterers in glass bead sediments.During the Sediment Acoustics Experiment 2004 (SAX04), extensive efforts were made to determine the size distribution, spatial distribution, shape, and composition of shell hash and other objects in the sediment that were larger than the average sand grain size. These data will be used in conjunction with environmental measurements to model the scattering from, and penetration into the sediment due to volume heterogeneity [1]. The data set coupled with sound speed measurements taken at the site, will also provide an opportunity to study the role of discrete scatterers in sound propagation in the sediment.Measurements of particle size distribution made during the Sediment Acoustics Experiment 1999 (SAX99) indicated that the shell fragments had diameters as large as 10 mm. These pieces have a ka ≈ 3.5 for a frequency of 200 kHz in the sediment. At these ka, Rayleigh scattering is not applicable and a more complicated scattering theory is necessary. In studies of the effects of atmospheric aerosols on the propagation of light, T-matrix formulations have been successful in modeling the scattering of light by distributions of non-spherical particles [2]. These methods will be utilized for the investigations of

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Section: Work Completedsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Force Chain and Porosity Variation Quantification And Sound mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lab Investigations and Numerical Modeling of Loss Mechanisms in Sound Propagation in Sandy Sediments

Hefner¹

2006

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“…An attempt to do so was carried out as part of the work by Hefner. 7 However, in doing so the conclusion was reached that one could match both attenuation and sound speed data without hypothesizing the strain-hardening effect put forth by Buckingham. Instead one could rely on a suggestion originally made by Biot to incorporate a complex, frequency dependent modulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand acoustics: The effective density fluid model, Pierce/Carey expressions, and inferences for porous media modeling

Williams

2009

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Recently, Pierce and Carey [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124, EL308–EL312 (2008)] presented a low frequency analysis of sound propagation in sand/silty sediments. Here, equivalent expressions are presented using a low frequency expansion of an unconsolidated version of Biot porous medium theory. The resulting expression for attenuation allows identification of the non-dimensional parameter β in the Pierce/Carey result in terms of physical parameters. The agreement of these two derivations motivates further analyses. The results imply that porous media propagation models that treat the medium’s inertia via a single component approximation disregard a fundamental physical effect resulting from the relative inertia of the grains and fluid and are thus incomplete.

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“…Many acoustic measurements [1][2][3] have been performed in water-saturated granular medium in order to observe the dispersion characteristic and to confirm the prediction model. However, few studies 4,5 have been made around the frequency range of a few hundred kilohertz and/or with a wide selection of granular media categorized by its mean grain size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency measurements of sound speed and attenuation in water-saturated glass-beads of varying size

Lee¹,

Park²,

Seong³

2009

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Acoustic measurements of p-wave speed and attenuation were made for water-saturated granular medium, consisting of six kinds of glass-beads with mean grain size ranging from 90 to 875 μm, at frequency range between 400 kHz and 1.1 MHz. Sound speed and attenuation were obtained using the inter-receiver broadband estimation technique. The measured data exhibit various frequency dependencies for the different mean grain sizes, consistent with earlier measurements from other researches. These results reveal that the trend of dispersion relation for the sound speed and attenuation, in the high frequency region, is strongly dependent on the range of Rayleigh parameter kd.

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Sound speed and attenuation measurements in unconsolidated glass-bead sediments saturated with viscous pore fluids

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Lab Investigations and Numerical Modeling of Loss Mechanisms in Sound Propagation in Sandy Sediments

Lab Investigations and Numerical Modeling of Loss Mechanisms in Sound Propagation in Sandy Sediments

Sand acoustics: The effective density fluid model, Pierce/Carey expressions, and inferences for porous media modeling

High frequency measurements of sound speed and attenuation in water-saturated glass-beads of varying size

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