Source apportionment of arsenic in atmospheric dust fall out in an urban residential area, Raipur, Central India

Gurugubelli, Balakrishna; Pervez, Shamsh; Bisht, D. S.

doi:10.5194/acp-11-5141-2011

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As for the earlier case (section Effect of proximity to traffic density on the dust loading rates) no significance statistical difference between the two groups was found (p = 0.228), indicating that smoking is not a major contributor to the dust loading rate in the studied houses. Similar observation was reported by Balakrishna et al (2011), where much lower contribution of cigarette smoke to airborne PM was noted compared with other contributors such as exhausts of motor vehicles. In addition, the natural ventilation of houses during the sampling period may have overweighed the effect of smoking for the investigated houses in our study.…”

Section: Effect Of Smoking On the Dust Loading Ratessupporting

confidence: 75%

Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

Shraim

Alenazi

Abdel‐Salam

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Dust samples were collected from 38 naturally ventilated houses for 12 weeks. Effects of three variables in two groups each were evaluated: proximity to traffic density (main-and side-roads), cigarettes smoking (smoking and no-smoking), and houses' age (old and new). No significant differences were identified between the two groups for all variables (p = 0.227-0.247). The average dust loading rate for the entire group was 66.7 ± 30.9 mg m -2 week -1 . The average metal concentrations (µg g -1 ) for the entire group were 58.7 ± 17.4 for V, 53.8 ± 12.7 (Cr), 473 ± 137 (Mn), 9.68 ± 2.83 (Co), 130 ± 52.1 (Cu), 241 ± 65.3 (Sr), 0.827 ± 0.552 (Cd), 324 ± 143 (Ba), and 58.9 ± 28.9 for Pb. Likewise, the average metal loading rates (µg m -2 week -1) for the entire group were: 4.01 ± 2.41 for V, 3.62 ± 1.97 (Cr), 31.9 ± 18.3 (Mn), 0.662 ± 0.387 (Co), 8.57 ± 5.30 (Cu), 16.3 ± 9.23 (Sr), 0.051 ± 0.034 (Cd), 21.1 ± 12.4 (Ba), and 3.97 ± 2.74 for Pb. We noticed enrichment factors (EF) of less than 2 and strong correlations between V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Sr indicating their crustal origin. Conversely, Pb, Cu, and Cd showed low to moderate correlations together with moderate to significant EF suggesting anthropogenic pollution of non-crustal origins. Despite the scarcity of rain fall and arid environment in the studied area, our dust and metal loading rates can be considered as intermediate when compared to some international cities. Such a finding could be attributed to the absence of major industries and the relatively low traffic density in our study area.

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Section: Effect Of Smoking On the Dust Loading Ratessupporting

confidence: 75%

Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

Shraim

Alenazi

Abdel‐Salam

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Thus, the Ag, As and Se that we measured in air samples at the upwind and fence line sites were likely due to sources other than the MRs. Ag, which was only detected on less than 20% of collected filters, is likely from resuspended dust or from industrial operations handling silver. Coal power plant emissions are a major source of As and Se in ambient air (Hammond et al 2008;Thurston, Ito, and Lall 2011;Tunno et al 2016) as is road dust from traffic emissions for As (Balakrishna, Pervez, and Bisht 2011;Pancras et al 2013).…”

Section: Upwind Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of metal aerosols in four communities adjacent to metal recyclers in Houston, Texas, USA

Han

Richner

Han

et al. 2020

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The metal recycling industry provides jobs, generates revenue in local communities and conserves energy and resources. Nonetheless, possible negative impacts of metal recyclers (MRs) include the potential for emissions of metal aerosols and other dusts, noise, traffic and fire during operations. In Houston, Texas, there were more than 180 resident complaints about air quality related to MRs from 2006 to 2011 that were reported to the city's 311 call system. As a part of a communitybased participatory research study, Metal Air Pollution Partnership Solutions (MAPPS), we evaluated the impact of metal emissions from MRs on air quality over two years in four environmental justice communities. We simultaneously collected samples of inhalable particles (aerodynamic particle size less than 10 µm, PM 10) using a sampling strategy to capture emissions from the MRs while they were in operation at four locations within each community: an upwind location, the fence line of MR and two downwind locations and analyzed the samples for 10 metals. The highest values of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) were detected at the fence lines of MRs. The normalized ratios of these metals at near and far neighborhood locations were 0.01 to 0.64 and 0.01 to 0.34, respectively, as compared with the metals at the fence line. The concentrations of metals rapidly decreased by 57-70% within 100 meters and reached similar levels at upwind (background) locations at approximately 600 meters. After adjusting the measured data for wind direction, rain and operating hours, we calculated non-carcinogenic hazard index values and carcinogenic risks for adult residents from breathing metals emitted from the facilities. Estimated inhalation cancer risks ranged from 0.12 case to 24 cases in 1 million people and the hazard index values ranged from 0.04 to 11. Implications: In Houston, Texas, residents complained about air quality related to metal recyclers from 2006 to 2011. Using a community-based participatory research method, metal emissions were characterized at four environmental justice communities. The results indicate that metal concentrations were the highest at the fence line and decreased by 57-70% within 100 meters and reached similar levels of background at 600 meters. After adjusting the measured data for meteorological parameters and operating hours, estimated inhalation cancer risks ranged from 0.12 cases to 24 cases in 1 million people and hazard index values ranged from 0.04 to 11.

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“…Although, as a result of vehicle emissions, the deposition of Mn on the road may result in its incorporation into street dust [78]. As is commonly present in road dust, their anthropogenic sources are mostly road traffic, mining, smelting, refining, waste incineration, and fossil fuel combustion [79]. As concentrations of some elements were the highest in Katowice agglomeration, it suggests a strong influence of industrial activities and traffic in this region.…”

Section: Road Dust Metal Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study

et al. 2020

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In this study, urban road dust (URD) samples were collected in two populated agglomerations of Wrocław and Katowice (Lower and Upper Silesia) in Poland. Both the total concentrations of URD-bound Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Ba, Cr, Mg, and Al and concentrations of their water-soluble fraction were determined. The contamination characteristics and health risk related to these elements were assessed. Contamination level assessment was done by Pollution Load Index (PLI), which indicated much higher pollution of Katowice agglomeration than Wrocław. The enrichment factor values (EF) showed that the most elements in both Katowice and Wrocław orginated from anthropogenic sources. The calculations of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) showed that Zn and As are the key pollutants in Katowice; and in the Wrocław region, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni are. The principle component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis provide information about the potential sources of metals. Additionally, a positive matrix factorization (PMF) was performed and four factors in PMF analysis were found and then interpreted by comparing to the source profiles. Three contamination sources were revealed: fossil fuel combustion, road traffic and industrial emissions. Although the main source of studied metals in Lower Silesia is road traffic, in Upper Silesia, domestic heating with the use of hard and brawn coal and industrial activity predominates. Human exposure to individual toxic metals through road dust was assessed for both children and adults. By calculating the average daily dose (ADD) via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, it was found that ingestion and then dermal contact were the greatest exposure pathways for humans in Katowice and Wrocław. Children had greater health risks than adults. According to the health risk assessment, the overall non-carcinogenic risks in both urban areas was rather low. The only exception was As bound to urban road dust in Katowice agglomeration, which indicates risk for children when ingested. The total excess cancer risk (ECR) was also lower than the acceptable level (10−6–10−4) for both adults and children, although ECR for Katowice was closer to this limit.

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Source apportionment of arsenic in atmospheric dust fall out in an urban residential area, Raipur, Central India

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

Evaluation of metal aerosols in four communities adjacent to metal recyclers in Houston, Texas, USA

Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study

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