Source apportionment of atmospheric aerosol in a marine dusty environment by ionic/composition mass balance (IMB)

Cardoso, J.; Almeida, Susana Marta; Nunes, Teresa; Almeida-Silva, Marina; Cerqueira, Mário; Alves, Célia; Rocha, Fernando; Chaves, P.C.; Reis, M.A.; Salvador, P.; Artı́ñano, Begoña; Pio, Casimiro

doi:10.5194/acp-18-13215-2018

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The higher values observed in this study are mainly due to the influence of Saharan dust during the sampling period. The particulate matter mass concentration during the sampling period was up to 145 µg/m³, indicating a strong influence of Saharan dust.However, the values of this study are within reported range for mineral dust dominated particulate matter(Cardoso et al, 2018;Patey et al, 2015) .…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

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Application of TXRF in monitoring trace metals in particulate matter and cloud water

Fomba¹,

Deabji²,

Barcha³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Ambient particulate matter and cloud trace metals are considered key elements of atmospheric processes as they affect air quality, environmental ecosystems and play an important role in cloud formation. However, they are often available at trace concentrations in these media such that their analysis requires high precision and 15 sensitive techniques. In this study, different analytical methods were applied to quantify trace metals in particulate matter samples collected on quartz and polycarbonate filters as well as cloud water, using the Total reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique. These methods considered the direct measurement of filter samples with and without chemical pretreatment. Direct measurements involved analysis of as collected polycarbonate and cloud water samples after they are brought onto TXRF carrier substrates. For the chemical treatment, different acid 20 digestion procedures for PM on Quartz filters were assessed including reverse aqua regia, nitric acid and a combination of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution. The effect of cold-plasma treatment of samples on polycarbonate filters prior to TXRF measurements was also investigated.Digestion with the reverse aqua regia solution provided lower blanks and higher recovery in comparison to other tested procedures. The detection limits of the elements ranged from 0.3 to 44 ng/cm². Ca, K, Zn, and Fe showed 25 the highest detection limits of 44, 35, 6 and 1 ng/cm² while As and Se had the lowest of 0.3 and 0.8 ng/cm², respectively. The method showed higher recovery for most trace metals when applied to commercially available reference materials and field samples. TXRF measurements showed good agreement with results obtained from ion chromatography measurements for elements such as Ca and K. Cold plasma treatment did not significantly lead to an increase in the detected concentration and the results were element-specific. Backing of the quartz filters 30 prior to sampling showed a reduction of more than 20% of the filter blanks for elements such as V, Sr, Mn, Zn, Sb.The methods were applied successfully on ambient particulate matter and cloud water samples collected from the Atlas Mohammed V station in Morocco and the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory. The obtained concentrations were within the range reported using different techniques from similar remote and background 35 regions elsewhere, especially for elements of anthropogenic origins such as V, Pb, and Zn with concentrations of up to 10, 19 and 28 ng/m³, respectively. Enrichment factor analysis indicated that crustal matter dominated the abundance of most of the elements while anthropogenic activities also contributed to the abundance of elements such as Sb, Se, and Pb. The results confirm that TXRF is a useful complementary sensitive technique for trace metal analysis of particulate matter in the microgram range as well as in cloud water droplets.

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supporting

confidence: 82%

“…The observed concentrations were found to be within the range of concentrations previously observed in this region, especially for PM10 elemental concentrations. Cardoso et al (2018) (Prost et al, 2017).…”

Section: Size Resolved Aerosol Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of TXRF in monitoring trace metals in particulate matter and cloud water

Fomba¹,

Deabji²,

Barcha³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Therefore, inferences based on bibliographic information have to be assumed, to totally apportion the measured particulate mass. A thorough discussion about the IMB principles and constraints is presented in Cardoso et al, (2018). In that publication the methodologies for the sequential apportionment of the total aerosol mass were also fully detailed.…”

Section: Ionic and Mass Balance Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods successfully allowed to apportion fractions of the measured aerosol to sources and formation processes, including secondary inorganic and organic formation, or biomass burning during wild fires and residential heating. In a recent publication, these different scrutinizing methodologies were used to evaluate, for the first time, the sources and formation processes contributing to the total aerosol Particulate Mass (PM) (Cardoso et al, 2018). This technique was called Ion and Mass Balance (IMB) and was applied to the PM10 aerosol apportionment in a background marine environment frequently affected by strong Saharan dust intrusions, but with low levels of carbonaceous matter (Cape Verde Islands).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of PM2.5 and PM10 by Ionic and Mass Balance (IMB) in a traffic-influenced urban atmosphere, in Portugal

Pio

Alves

Nunes

et al. 2020

Atmospheric Environment

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“…The selected metals (i.e., Al, Ti, Ba, Se, Li, As, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Si) in coarse PM can be emitted by a wide range of sources including soil, road dust, brake and tire wear, and industrial emissions [22,27,73,74]. As shown in the figure, the concentrations of Al, Si, and Fe, as tracers of soil dust [27,75], were significantly higher in the warm season compared to the colder season at the Tohid retirement home (p value < 0.05). This is due mainly to the higher wind speeds and lower relative humidity's in the warm seasons that facilitate the resuspension of soil particles [59,76].…”

Section: Data Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

et al. 2019

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In this study, we used the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to evaluate the sources of ambient coarse particulate matter (PM) and their temporal variations in two sampling sites, i.e., a school dormitory and a retirement home, located in central Tehran. 24-h ambient PM samples were collected using low-volume air samplers from May 2012 to June 2013. The collected filters were analyzed for their chemical components, including water-soluble ions, metals, and trace elements, which were used as the input to the PMF model. Our results indicated annual averages of 45.7 ± 3.8 µg/m 3 and 36.2. ± 4.0 µg/m 3 for coarse PM at the School dormitory and Tohid retirement home, respectively. Moreover, higher ambient coarse PM mass concentrations were observed in the warm season (53.3 ± 5.8 µg/m 3 for school dormitory and 43.1 ± 6.1 µg/m 3 for Tohid retirement home) as opposed to the cold season (41.4 ± 4.7 µg/m 3 for school dormitory and 28.7 ± 4.6 µg/m 3 for Tohid retirement home). Our PMF analysis also identified road dust, soil, and industry, and atmospherically processed coarse PM as the three sources of ambient coarse PM in central Tehran. Road dust, soil, and industry were the major sources of ambient coarse PM, contributing respectively to 74 ± 9% and 19 ± 2% of the total coarse PM mass concentration, while atmospherically aged aerosols had a rather minimal contribution of 7 ± 1% to total coarse PM mass concentration. The temporal trends of the resolved factors also revealed higher contributions of road dust to total ambient coarse PM during warm season as opposed to cold season, due to the increased resuspension rate from road surfaces as a result of higher wind speeds, and temperatures, combined with lower relative humidity. Similarly, higher resuspension rate of mechanically originated particulates resulted in higher warm-season time contributions of the soil factor. Results of this study clearly revealed the key role of road dust and non-tail pipe emissions on ambient coarse PM mass concentrations in crowded areas of central Tehran, and have important implications on the potential health impacts that can be caused by these difficult to mitigate sources of coarse PM.

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Source apportionment of atmospheric aerosol in a marine dusty environment by ionic/composition mass balance (IMB)

Cited by 14 publications

References 80 publications

Application of TXRF in monitoring trace metals in particulate matter and cloud water

Application of TXRF in monitoring trace metals in particulate matter and cloud water

Source apportionment of PM2.5 and PM10 by Ionic and Mass Balance (IMB) in a traffic-influenced urban atmosphere, in Portugal

Sources and Temporal Variations of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM) in Central Tehran, Iran

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