Source apportionment of PAHs in atmospheric particulates of Dalian: Factor analysis with nonnegative constraints and emission inventory analysis

Wan, Xianlie; Chen, Jingwen; Sun, Weijun; Yang, Fenglin; Saiki, Kaoru

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.05.049

Cited by 76 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first factor (41 % of the total variance) mainly links (loadings >0.6) Chry, BbF, BkF, BeP, and BaP, and secondarily (loadings, 0.4-0.6) BaA and IP. As some of these congeners were suggested as tracers for stationary emission sources (Ravindra et al 2008a), natural gas home appliances (Rogge et al 1993;Lee and Kim 2007), coal combustion processes (Wan et al 2006;Ravindra et al 2008a, b), and combustions of oil (Mantis et al 2005), this factor reflects a mix of stationary sources. The second factor (28 %) is made up of lighter congeners Fluor, Pyr, BaA, and secondarily links Chry and BghiP.…”

Section: Source Identification (Factor Analysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

GC-MS analyses and chemometric processing to discriminate the local and long-distance sources of PAHs associated to atmospheric PM2.5

Masiol

Centanni

Hofer

et al. 2012

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose This study presents a procedure to differentiate the local and remote sources of particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Methods Data were collected during an extended PM 2.5 sampling campaign (2009)(2010) carried out for 1 year in Venice-Mestre, Italy, at three stations with different emissive scenarios: urban, industrial, and semirural background. Diagnostic ratios and factor analysis were initially applied to point out the most probable sources. In a second step, the areal distribution of the identified sources was studied by applying the discriminant analysis on factor scores. Third, samples collected in days with similar atmospheric circulation patterns were grouped using a cluster analysis on wind data. Local contributions to PM 2.5 and PAHs were then assessed by interpreting cluster results with chemical data.Results Results evidenced that significantly lower levels of PM 2.5 and PAHs were found when faster winds changed air masses, whereas in presence of scarce ventilation, locally emitted pollutants were trapped and concentrations increased. This way, an estimation of pollutant loads due to local sources can be derived from data collected in days with similar wind patterns. Long-range contributions were detected by a cluster analysis on the air mass back-trajectories. Results revealed that PM 2.5 concentrations were relatively high when air masses had passed over the Po Valley. However, external sources do not significantly contribute to the PAHs load. Conclusions The proposed procedure can be applied to other environments with minor modifications, and the obtained information can be useful to design local and national air pollution control strategies.

show abstract

Section: Source Identification (Factor Analysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

GC-MS analyses and chemometric processing to discriminate the local and long-distance sources of PAHs associated to atmospheric PM2.5

Masiol

Centanni

Hofer

et al. 2012

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main industries in Dalian are shipbuilding, chemical engineering, locomotive building, tourism, exhibition and software. In Dalian, coal gas is a primary fuel for household cooking, and coal is a main fuel used for central heating in winter (Wan et al, 2006).…”

Section: Sampling Sites Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of them have focused on the cities of Dalian (Wan et al, 2006), Tianjin , Qingdao (Davis and Guo, 2000;Zhang et al, 2001;Hu et al, 2002;Guo et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2003;Guo et al, 2004), Shanghai Du et al, 2011), Hangzhou Hong et al, 2013), Xiamen (Zhao et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2012), and Guangzhou (Tan et al, 2009) and Hong Kong (Cheng et al, 2000;Cheung et al, 2005), as these cities are on the boundary between Asia and the North Pacific Ocean. Aerosols from different sources transported over this region can be modified significantly before reaching the remote Pacific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of inorganic chemical compositions of atmospheric TSP, PM 10 and PM 2.5 in northern and southern Chinese coastal cities

Wang

Tan

et al. 2017

Journal of Environmental Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To compare the inorganic chemical compositions of TSP (total suspended particulate), PM 10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) and PM 2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) in southern and northern cities in China, atmospheric particles were synchronously collected in Dalian (the northern city) and Xiamen (the southern city) in spring and autumn of 2004. The mass concentrations, twenty-three elements and nine soluble ions were assessed. The results show that in Dalian, the mass concentrations of Mg, Al, Ca, Mn and Fe in spring were 4.0-10.1, 2.6-8.0, 4.1-12, 1.2-3.6 and 2.9-7.9 times higher, respectively, than those in Xiamen. The dust storm influence is more obvious in Dalian in spring. However, in Xiamen, heavy metals accounted for 13.9%-17.9% of TSP, while heavy metals contributed to 5.5%-9.3% of TSP in Dalian.These concentrations suggest that heavy metal pollution in Xiamen was more serious. In addition, the concentrations of Na

show abstract

“…After dispersion, PAHs accumulate on ground surfaces and discharge into water bodies with rain. The behavior of PAHs has been extensively studied in atmospheric and aquatic environments (Takada et al, 1990;Baek et al, 1991;Sharma et al, 1994;Lee et al, 1995;Wan et al, 2006;Kumata et al, 2006). Still, the relation of the source and environmental fate has not been well clarified yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of river discharge loadings of PAHs in a suburban river in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan

Iwasaki

Ozaki

Kojima

et al. 2009

J. of Wat. & Envir. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The PAHs loadings on river discharge was estimated based on consecutive measurements during rainfall and non-rainfall periods at a river in a suburban area in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The PAH concentrations ranged from 12 to 58 ng L -1 for dissolved PAHs, and from 8 to 105 ng L -1 for particulate PAHs on rainy periods. In non-rainy periods, they ranged from 10 to 58 ng L -1 for dissolved PAHs, and from 4 to 418 ng L -1 for particulate PAHs. PAH concentrations on non-rainy periods were stable for diurnal and seasonal terms. The dissolved PAH concentration was negatively correlated with EC and the particulate PAH concentration was negatively correlated with SS concentration. The yearly loading amount of PAHs was calculated with the data of river flow rate and PAH concentration, and the calculated yearly PAHs specific loading in the River on rainy days was 37 µg m -2 year -1 and the loading in non-rainy days was 29 µg m -2 year -1 . The total loading was 66 µg m -2 year -1 . From these estimations and our previous studies, the atmospheric loadings and river discharge were compared. From the comparison, the order of the loading from river basin area was comparable to this from atmospheric loadings.Keywords: atmospheric deposition, PAHs, rainfall, river discharge. INTRODUCTIONPAHs are a group of organic compounds consisting of two or more fused benzene rings, and they are noticed due to carcinogenicity and mutagen city (Dipple 1985;Vinggaard et al, 2000;Xue and Warshawsky, 2005). PAHs are mostly produced in the combustion process of fossil fuels and are emitted into the atmosphere. After dispersion, PAHs accumulate on ground surfaces and discharge into water bodies with rain. The behavior of PAHs has been extensively studied in atmospheric and aquatic environments (Takada et al, 1990;Baek et al, 1991;Sharma et al, 1994;Lee et al, 1995;Wan et al, 2006;Kumata et al, 2006). Still, the relation of the source and environmental fate has not been well clarified yet. In our previous study (Ozaki, 2006;Ozaki et al (2006Ozaki et al ( , 2007), the behavior of PAHs in Hiroshima Bay area was quantitatively investigated, and it was found that there was a major difference in PAHs loadings between the road traffic emission and the atmospheric deposition or the particle sedimentation on seabed. In order to consider the gap in PAHs loadings between road traffic loadings and environmental discharges, PAHs river discharges were investigated in this study. At a river in suburban areas in Hiroshima Prefecture, PAH concentrations were measured in rainy days and non-rainy days to examine the short-or long-term variations in PAH concentrations. Flow rate and other basic water qualities were also measured in the river, and their dependencies on PAH concentrations were investigated. From the measurements, the factors affecting the discharges were modeled for daily basis, and the total loadings were summed for one year. Further, from the comparison of the loadings

show abstract

Source apportionment of PAHs in atmospheric particulates of Dalian: Factor analysis with nonnegative constraints and emission inventory analysis

Cited by 76 publications

References 21 publications

GC-MS analyses and chemometric processing to discriminate the local and long-distance sources of PAHs associated to atmospheric PM2.5

GC-MS analyses and chemometric processing to discriminate the local and long-distance sources of PAHs associated to atmospheric PM2.5

Comparison of inorganic chemical compositions of atmospheric TSP, PM 10 and PM 2.5 in northern and southern Chinese coastal cities

Estimation of river discharge loadings of PAHs in a suburban river in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About