Source Localization Using Sparse Large Aperture Arrays

Array of sensors: A spatiotemporal-state-space model for target trajectory tracking

“…The initial locations of the targets are assumed to be known within 1 meter (e.g. estimated using any high resolution localization approach as in [17]) with initial covariance matrix P0 = I4M 4M . The selected level of the range process noise is q where i = 1; 2.…”

DOA and Range Estimation of Multiple Sources under the Wideband Assumption

“…Besides, n(t) ∈ C N ×1 represents the complex additive white Gaussian noise with zero mean and noise power σ 2 n . Further, the spherical wave array manifold vector is given as [4], [5] …”

“…In this case, the new reference point is r k , and the array geometry and azimuth angles and ranges of all the sources are measured with respect to r k . Moreover, the manifold vector of the i-th source under the new reference point is S −1 ik S i where S ik is the k-th element of S i [4], [5].…”

“…In the presence of M uncorrelated sources, the signal received at the array system when the k-th sensor is the reference point can be expressed as [4], [5] …”

Preprocessing algorithm for source localisation in a multipath environment

“…Range-based methods are in turn divided into "Received Signal Strength" (RSS) [1][2] and "Time" based methods, such as Time-Of-Arrival (TOA) [3][4] and TimeDifference-Of-Arrival (TDOA) [5] approaches. Furthermore, hybrid methods, such as TOA/DOA [6] or jointly range and DOA [7], have been developed. However, all of these methods fail dramatically in the presence of multipath.…”