Source seasonality of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a subtropical city, Guangzhou, South China

Li, Jian; Zhang, G; Xd, Li; Sh, Qi; Gq, Liu; Xz, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.02.042

Cited by 308 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In summary, the total PAH concentrations ranged from 2.67 to 68.9 ngm −3 , with an average value of 17.1 ngm −3 , comparable to those reported in previous studies in winter Guangzhou (Li et al 2006;Yang et al 2010). The dominant species were five-to seven-ring PAHs, accounting for 80 % of the total PAHs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Three factors were eventually selected because (1) previous studies reported that the main sources of PAHs in Guangzhou were vehicular emissions, biomass burning, and coal combustion (Bi et al 2003;Li et al 2006;Yang et al 2010;Gao et al 2011), (2) principal component analysis extracted three components with an eigenvalue larger than 1, and (3) three-factor solution produced a good fit to the data and was the most reasonably interpretable. Additional factors made negligible contributions to PAHs and caused factor splitting for tracers.…”

Section: Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that CC made the most significant contribution (58±4 % of the total PAHs), followed by BB (31±4 %) and VE (11±2 %). A previous study claimed VE as the dominant source of PAHs in winter Guangzhou (Li et al 2006). The authors used principal component analysis in combination with multiple linear regressions (PCA-MLR) to estimate the relative source contributions to particulate PAHs.…”

Section: Source Contributions To Total Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Comparison of VE source profile resolved by PMF with that from data collected in Zhujiang Tunnel in the western urban area of Guangzhou (He et al 2008). The missing bars are species not reported in the literature particular, unlike the cities in northern China where CC for residential heating is a common practice, Guangzhou is a subtropical city in southern China absent of CC for residential heating (Li et al 2006). Therefore, it was reasonable to infer that CC for power plant and industry became the dominant source of PAHs in Guangzhou.…”

Section: Source Contributions To Total Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the increase in population, more energy consumption is expected, which could lead to severe exposure to PAH-associated polluted air. Indeed, studies have been carried out to understand the sources of PAHs in urban Guangzhou (Bi et al 2003;Li et al 2006;Yang et al 2010;Gao et al 2011). However, these studies were either qualitative or based on principal component analysis using only PAH data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracer-based source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Guangzhou, southern China, using positive matrix factorization (PMF)

Gao

Guo

Wang

et al. 2012

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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From 28 November to 23 December 2009, 24-h PM 2.5 samples were collected simultaneously at six sites in Guangzhou. Concentrations of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) together with certain molecular tracers for vehicular emissions (i.e., hopanes and elemental carbon), coal combustion (i.e., picene), and biomass burning (i.e., levoglucosan) were determined. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model combined with tracer data was applied to explore the source contributions to PAHs. Three sources were identified by both inspecting the dominant tracer(s) in each factor and comparing source profiles derived from PMF with determined profiles in Guangzhou or in the Pearl River Delta region. The three sources identified were vehicular emissions (VE), biomass burning (BB), and coal combustion (CC), accounting for 11±2 %, 31±4 %, and 58± 4 % of the total PAHs, respectively. CC replaced VE to become the most important source of PAHs in Guangzhou, reflecting the effective control of VE in recent years. The three sources had different contributions to PAHs with different ring sizes, with higher BB contributions (75±3 %) to four-ring PAHs such as pyrene and higher CC contributions (57±4 %) to six-ring PAHs such as benzo [ghi]perylene. Temporal variations of VE and CC contributions were probably caused by the change of weather conditions, while temporal variations of BB contributions were additionally influenced by the fluctuation of BB emissions. Source contributions also showed some spatial variations, probably due to the source emission variations near the sampling sites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Contributions To Total Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Contributions To Total Pahsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tracer-based source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Guangzhou, southern China, using positive matrix factorization (PMF)

Gao

Guo

Wang

et al. 2012

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The distribution and origin of PAHs over the Asian marginal seas, the Indian, and the Pacific Oceans: Implications for outflows from Asia and Africa

Liu

Yue

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

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Aerosol samples were collected aboard the R/V Dayang Yihao from 8 January to 7 August 2007 to investigate the geographical distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) over oceans and to assess their continental origins. The highest concentrations were found over the marginal seas in Asia, especially the East and South China Seas, indicating that China is a top source of emissions into the marine atmosphere in the areas monitored on this cruise. PAH concentrations over the west oceanic region in the South Indian Ocean were noticeably higher than in other areas of the Indian Ocean, most likely because air masses from Africa, the Arabian Sea, and the Bay of Bengal exert a negative impact on those regions through long-range atmospheric transport. The PAH isomer ratio values varied over the oceans that were impacted by continental sources but remained relatively uniform over most of the remote oceans. Using diagnostic ratio analysis, we found PAHs emitted from China were mainly associated with biomass/coal burning. The measurements of levoglucosan were consistent with the results mentioned above. The western part of the South Indian Ocean atmosphere was likely affected by wildfire emissions from Africa, while the northern part was by petroleum combustion, biofuel, and wildfire burning, because the winter monsoon most likely carries aerosol from the Arabian Peninsula and India across the equator. Using the monthly images of fire activity and aerosol optical depth, it can be confirmed biomass burning from Africa can significantly influence the aerosol over the Indian Ocean.

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Environmental Toxicology and Air Pollution: A Comparative Analysis of Different Methods and Studies

Costa¹,

Meincke²,

Alves³

et al. 2018

Handbook of Environmental Materials Management

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Source seasonality of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a subtropical city, Guangzhou, South China

Cited by 308 publications

References 33 publications

Tracer-based source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Guangzhou, southern China, using positive matrix factorization (PMF)

Tracer-based source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Guangzhou, southern China, using positive matrix factorization (PMF)

The distribution and origin of PAHs over the Asian marginal seas, the Indian, and the Pacific Oceans: Implications for outflows from Asia and Africa

Environmental Toxicology and Air Pollution: A Comparative Analysis of Different Methods and Studies

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