Sources and Fate of PCBs in the North Sea: A Review of Available Data

Klamer, J.C.; Laane, R.W.P.M.; Marquenie, J. M.

doi:10.2166/wst.1991.0278

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Some of these congeners are carcinogenic. A total of 78 PCB congeners out of 209 are chiral, and 19 out of 78 chiral congeners form atropisomers (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Ahlborg and co-workers (22) reported that non-orthocoplanar PCBs congeners were found to be highly toxic followed by mono-orthocoplanar congeners and least toxic were di-ortho-substituted PCBs.…”

Section: Chiral Pollutants Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiral Pollutants

Ali

Kulsum

Saleem

et al. 2013

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enantioselective analyses of the chiral pollutants are important as the enantiomers differ in their toxicities to pests and human beings. The chiral analyses only provide the exact data on the enantioselective toxicities. In this article, capillary electrophoresis has been used for the analyses of the chiral pollutants in the environmental and biological matrices. Attempts have been made to describe the state‐of‐the‐art of the enantiomeric separation of the chiral pollutants by using capillary electrophoresis. The different types of chiral pollutants and their toxicities have been discussed. The sample preparation and capillary electrophoresis analyses have also been provided. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives of the enantioselective analyses of the chiral pollutants have been included.

show abstract

Section: Chiral Pollutants Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiral Pollutants

Ali

Kulsum

Saleem

et al. 2013

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Seventy-eight (78) out of 209 congeners of PCBs have axial chirality in their non-planar conformation and 19 form stable enantiomers (atropisomers) due to restricted rotation around the central carbon atom [8] (Table 1). Due to these facts, in last few years, attention has been paid to the toxicity/carcinogenesis of PCBs on marine and terrestrial biota [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. It has also been reported that the non-ortho coplanar PCBs exhibit the highest toxicity followed by the moderately toxic mono-ortho coplanar congeners, while diortho substituted PCBs turned out to be less toxic (Ahlborg, et al 1994).…”

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantioselective Toxicity and Carcinogenesis

Ali¹,

Aboul‐Enein²,

Ghanem

2005

CPA

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a non-chiral environment, the enantiomers of a racemate possess the same physico-chemical properties but in the biological systems they possess different activities. One of the enantiomers may be more toxic or carcinogenic, and, therefore, the present data available on the toxicity and carcinogenesis of the racemic mixtures of these chiral pollutants are not reliable and need modification in terms of the enantioselective toxicity and carcinogenesis. It is essential to explore the enantioselective toxicity and carcinogenesis due to the different enantiomers of the chiral pollutants. The knowledge of the stereoselective metabolisms of the chiral pollutants may be useful for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. The enantioselective toxicity and carcinogenesis due to the chiral pesticides, pollutants and some drugs have been discussed in this review article.

show abstract

“…The main source of contamination in the North Sea is through riverine outflows, primarily from the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (The Netherlands), Elbe and Weser (Germany), and Thames (United Kingdom). As a consequence, coastal areas and estuaries are significantly polluted by PCDDs, PCBs, and other persistent organic pollutants [5,6]. In order to monitor the extent of contamination, the Dutch government has stated that the assessment of dredged materials will be based on integrated chemical and biological effect measurements [1,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐ and interlaboratory calibration of the DR CALUX® bioassay for the analysis of dioxins and dioxin‐like chemicals in sediments

Besselink

Schipper²,

Klamer³

et al. 2004

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the Fourth National Policy Document on Water Management in The Netherlands, it is defined that in 2003, in addition to the assessment of chemical substances, special guidelines for the assessment of dredged material should be recorded. The assessment of dredged material is based on integrated chemical and biological effect measurements. Among others, the DR CALUX (dioxin responsive-chemically activated luciferase expression) bioassay has tentatively been recommended for inclusion in the dredged material assessment. To ensure the reliability of this bioassay, an intra- and interlaboratory validation study, or ring test, was performed, organized by the Dutch National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management (RIKZ) in cooperation with BioDetection Systems BV (BDS). The intralaboratory repeatability and reproducibility and the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the DR CALUX bioassay were determined by analyzing sediment extracts and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) blanks. The highest observed repeatability was found to be 24.1%, whereas the highest observed reproducibility was calculated to be 19.9%. Based on the obtained results, the LOD and LOQ to be applied for the bioassay are 0.3 and 1.0 pM, respectively. The interlaboratory calibration study was divided into three phases, starting with analyzing pure chemicals. During the second phase, sediment extracts were analyzed, whereas in the third phase, whole sediments had to be extracted, cleaned, and analyzed. The average interlaboratory repeatability increased from 14.6% for the analysis of pure compound to 26.1% for the analysis of whole matrix. A similar increase in reproducibility with increasing complexity of handlings was observed with the interlaboratory reproducibility of 6.5% for pure compound and 27.9% for whole matrix. The results of this study are intended as a starting point for implementing the integrated chemical-biological assessment strategy and for systematic monitoring of dredged materials and related materials in the coming years.

show abstract

Sources and Fate of PCBs in the North Sea: A Review of Available Data

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Chiral Pollutants

Chiral Pollutants

Enantioselective Toxicity and Carcinogenesis

Intra‐ and interlaboratory calibration of the DR CALUX® bioassay for the analysis of dioxins and dioxin‐like chemicals in sediments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About