Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

Etuk, Helen Solomon; Ebong, Godwin Asukwo; Anweting, Idongesit Bassey; Okon, Aniefiokmkpong Okokon; Ekot, Anietie Ekong

doi:10.37745/bjmas.2022.0302

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Consequently, prolonged exposure to the studied samples with EDI values higher than their recommended oral limit may result in severe health hazards. The EDI results also revealed that, the children population was more susceptible to the health risks related to the persistent exposure to these toxic metals through the studied samples as reported by Rakib et al [75].…”

Section: Estimated Daily Intake Rate Of Toxic Metalssupporting

confidence: 74%

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Toxicity profile of metals in water, sediments and Liza grandisquamis from Iko River, South-South of Nigeria

Aniefiokmkpong Okokon Okon,

Godwin Asukwo Ebong,

Victoria Paul Tombere

et al. 2023

Int. J. Frontline Res. Pharm. Bio Sci.

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Water pollution and the risks associated with the prolonged exposure to contaminated water source by human is becoming a serious problem globally. The concentrations, cancer and non-cancer risks of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb via exposure to water, fish, and sediments from Iko River were examined. Results obtained showed that, the mean concentrations of these metals in fish and sediments were within their recommended limits however; the levels in water were higher than their limits. Principal component analysis (PCA) indentified anthropogenic factor as the major source of all the toxic metals in the environmental media assessed. The estimated daily intake (EDI) rate of the metals revealed that, Cd in water and sediments for both the adult and children populations were higher than their recommended daily oral reference doses (Rfds). The EDI for Cr in all the samples and ages were within the Rfd. While the EDI of Ni in water and fish for both populations were within the Rfd limit, but it was higher in sediments for both populations. The EDI of Pb for all the samples and ages were higher than the Rfd. The hazard indices of these metals were higher than one in water and sediments but less than one in fish for both populations. However, the children class was more susceptible to the non-carcinogenic risks. The results obtained also showed that, Cd and Pb were the major contributors to the reported non-carcinogenic risks. The total cancer risks (TCR) of the metals in all the samples and ages were higher than the recommended limit and the risks were higher in the children than the adult’s class.

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Section: Estimated Daily Intake Rate Of Toxic Metalssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…These metals include arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel lead, and mercury [11,12]. These metal toxicants are capable of causing both the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic human health problems [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity profile of metals in water, sediments and Liza grandisquamis from Iko River, South-South of Nigeria

Aniefiokmkpong Okokon Okon,

Godwin Asukwo Ebong,

Victoria Paul Tombere

et al. 2023

Int. J. Frontline Res. Pharm. Bio Sci.

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“…This can be the negative impact of anthropogenic activities on the quality of the Qua Iboe River Estuary, [80]. The identification of the actual sources of trace metals in sediments from the studied aquatic ecosystem was done by the use of principal component analysis (PCA), [81,82]. During the dry season, the PCA revealed two major sources of trace metals in the studied sediments with a total variance of 87.38%.…”

Section: Seasonal Variations Of Trace Metals In Sediments From the St...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hierarchical cluster analysis of trace metals in the studied sediments for both seasons resulted in a similar cluster as illustrated in Figure above Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of trace metals in sediments from rivers investigated for both the dry and wet seasons resulted in a similar pattern as shown in Figure 5. The HCA is tool that reveals parameters with similar source and properties in a media, [26,81]. Results of HCA in Figure 5 indicate three (3) major clusters namely: Cluster 1 links Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cd together.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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2023

World J. Adv. Pharm. Med. Res.

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The concentrations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in sediments from Great Kwa, Calabar, Cross River, Imo, and Qua Iboe Rivers were investigated during the dry and wet seasons using standard techniques. Results indicated that the mean concentrations of all the metals were within their acceptable limits although; higher concentrations were obtained during the wet season. Cd was the major contaminant in the studied sediments; the ecological risks of all the metals except Cd were in the low class. The potential ecological risks of the metals were in the low and moderate categories during the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Sediments from Qua Iboe River exhibited very high human health risks for both seasons. Factor analysis revealed anthropogenic and natural factors as the major sources of these metals in sediments from the rivers investigated for both seasons. The estimated daily intake (EDI) rates of these metals via exposure to the studied sediments were within their recommended oral reference doses however; higher wet season values were recorded. The hazard index (HI) values of the trace metals were less than one (1) but, higher during the wet season. Pb and Cd were the major contributors to the total HI during the dry and wet seasons. The relative risk analysis for both seasons also confirmed Cd as the major human risk in the studied sediments. This research has exposed the levels of trace metals and their associated human risks in sediments from the rivers investigated.

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“…Metals have the potential to bioaccumulate in living cells through ingestion [3][4][5]. The accumulated metals can cause adverse health problems ranging from cancerous to non-cancerous [6][7][8][9]. The generation of electric power in Nigeria in 1896 has resulted in both positive and negative implications associated with the generation, transmission, and distribution [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Power Transmission and Distribution on Trace Metals Loads in Soils, <i>Telfairia Occidentalis</i> and Related Human Health Problems in South-South, Nigeria

Ebong,

Idongesit Bassey Anweting,

Inemesit Ndarake Bassey

et al. 2024

Environmental Protection Research

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The generation, transmission, and distribution of power have both positive and negative effects. However, this has not been effectively assessed and documented in the study area. Hence, this research was conducted to assess the impact of power transmission and distribution activities on the levels of trace metals in soil, including Telfairia occidentalis (T. occidentalis). In this research, topsoil and T. occidentalis were obtained from the vicinity with high tension copper cables at Ikono, Ibiono Ibom, Itu, Uyo, and Uruan in Akwa Ibom State. Similar samples were obtained 100 m away from areas with high-tension copper cables and used as controls. The mean values (mg kg-1) of cadmium(Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and lead (Pb) obtained in soil were 2.13 ± 1.24, 43.52 ± 9.28, 1,265.84 ± 287.33, and 27.39± 5.66, respectively. Whereas, the mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of these metals in T. occidentalis were 0.17 ± 0.10, 12.98 ± 2.50, 217.81 ± 62.56, and 1.47 ± 1.40, respectively. The results obtained revealed that the mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Fe in soil were higher than their recommended safe limits, while the mean concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Pb in T. occidentalis exceeded the limits. The results indicated that the mean concentrations of all metals in the impacted soils were higher than in the control plot for both soil and T. occidentalis. Pollution models employed showed that soils and T. occidentalis from the studied locations were highly impacted by metals originating mainly from power transmission and distribution activities. The estimated daily intake rate of all the metals through soils and T. occidentalis was investigated for the children and adult groups within their recommended oral reference doses except for Cd. The non-cancerous risks for the children and adult groups for both soil and T. occidentalis were less than than 1 mg kg-1 day-1. However, the children’s class was more susceptible. Cancer risks for both the children and adult groups via soil and T. occidentalis were within the acceptable limit, but the entire cancer risk for the children via T. occidentalis from the Uyo vicinity was higher than the safe limit. This study revealed the effects of power transmission and distribution activities on the metal loads in soil and T. occidentalis and the related human health problems. Consequently, consistent exposure to soil particles impacted by high-tension cables and the cultivation of edible plants under high-tension cables should be avoided.

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Sources and Health Risks of Inorganic Toxicants in Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Broilers) in Uyo, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 104 publications

Toxicity profile of metals in water, sediments and Liza grandisquamis from Iko River, South-South of Nigeria

Toxicity profile of metals in water, sediments and Liza grandisquamis from Iko River, South-South of Nigeria

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Impacts of Power Transmission and Distribution on Trace Metals Loads in Soils, <i>Telfairia Occidentalis</i> and Related Human Health Problems in South-South, Nigeria

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