Sources, Characteristics, and Fate of Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide

Jaffe, Louis S.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1970.tb49774.x

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Anthropogenic CO production amounts to about 2 billion tons per year, while microbial CO metabolism is partly responsible for maintaining the ambient CO below toxic levels by removing an approximately equal amount of CO from the Earth’s atmosphere . As described in more detail below, the microbial enzymes responsible for CO oxidation can operate at rates as high as 40 000 (mol CO)(mol enzyme) −1 s –1 and catalytic efficiencies reaching 2 × 10 9 M –1 s –1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Function, and Mechanism of the Nickel Metalloenzymes, CO Dehydrogenase, and Acetyl-CoA Synthase

2014

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Function, and Mechanism of the Nickel Metalloenzymes, CO Dehydrogenase, and Acetyl-CoA Synthase

2014

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“…Indeed, soils have been accepted as the largest terrestrial carbon pool because of the greater C content than terrestrial vegetation and atmospheric C [5,6]. Forest soil can friendly contribute to reducing the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and the greenhouse effect in global warming, while the soil is considered a big carbon pool [7,8], linked to the carbon cycle [5] and with the nutrient pool that assigns vegetation productivity [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes of Soil Organic Carbon and Microbial Biomass Carbon in Different Forest Ecosystems

Babür¹,

Dindaroğlu²

2020

Environmental Factors Affecting Human Health

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) are important components of soil organic matter (SOM). SOC and MBC have generally recognized key parameters of soil quality and health, and also they have been linked to forest ecosystem productivity, using as a sensitive indicator for ecosystem monitoring programs. Both of them play a crucial role in the carbon cycle and influence many environmental, biological, and chemical factors. Soil organic matter decomposition by soil microorganisms contributes to the nutrient availability and release in an ecosystem. This interaction between SOM and MBC is managed in soil aggregation, soil porosity, moisture content, and aeration. Forest soils can store more carbon than other land uses because they contain a wide variety of soil microorganisms. Enhancing these two important components of soil can contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. In this chapter, an overview of the understanding of the most important soil quality and health factors managed soil C in forest soils and provided how seasonal changes affect soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon.

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“…Anthropogenic carbon emissions were 6 Pg yr -1 in the 1980s [3], and anthropogenic carbon emissions rose to 10 Pg yr -1 by 2014 [4]. Soils are considered a carbon sink, which can help lower the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere and reduce the greenhouse effect [5]. SOC storage is influenced by temperature, land cover, soil order and texture of the soil [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Agriculture Practices Improves Soil Aggregation, Aggregate Associated Organic Carbon Fractions and Nutrient Dynamics in Cereal-based Systems of North-West India: An Overview

Gupta

Naresh

Chandra

et al. 2020

CJAST

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Precision farming uses proximal and remote sensor surveys to delineate and track in-field variations in soil and crop attributes, directing variable input rate control, such that in-season management can be sensitive, e.g. matching strategic application of nitrogen fertilizer to site-specific conditions. It has the ability to increase productivity in the processing and use of nutrients, ensuring that nutrients do not leach out or accumulate in excessive amounts in areas of the field, causing environmental problems. Tillage systems can change the dynamics of organic carbon in soil and microbial biomass in soil by adjusting aggregate shape and distribution of C within aggregates. The effects of tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil aggregate nutrient content can differ spatially and temporarily, and for different types of soil and cropping systems. The maximum (19.2 percent) and minimum (8.9 percent) proportion of total aggregated carbon was retained in surface soil, with fractions of 2 mm and 0.1-0.05 mm size respectively. At a depth of 0-7 cm soil MBC under plowing tillage was slightly higher than rotary tillage, but EOC was just opposite. Rotary tillage had much higher soil TOC than plowing tillage at a depth of 7-14 cm. Nevertheless, under plowing tillage, TOC, DOC, and MBC were significantly higher than rotary tillage except for EOC, at 14-21 cm depth. A significant proportion of the total SOC was found to be captured under both surface (67.1 percent) and sub-surface layers (66.7 percent) by the macro-aggregates (2-0.25 mm), leaving rest in micro-aggregates and particles shaped as "silt + clay." Fine POC, LFOC and microbial biomass can be useful early signs of alterations in organic topsoil C. Conversely, LFOC and DOC are important subsoil indicators. Under two tillage regimes, surface soil (0-15 cm) was fractionated into aggregate sizes (4.76 mm, 4.76-2.00 mm, 2.00-1.00 mm, 1.00-0.25 mm, 0.25-0.053 mm, 0.053 mm). Tillage substantially decreased the proportion of macro-aggregate fractions (2.00 mm) and thus improved aggregate stability by 35 per cent relative to RNT, indicating that tillage practices for this subtropical soil resulted in structural changes in soil. The highest SOC was in the fraction of 1.00-0.25 mm (35.7 and 30.4 mg / kg respectively for RNT and CT), while the lowest SOC was in fractions of micro-aggregate (0.025 mm) and silt + clay (0.053 mm) (19.5 and 15.7 mg / kg respectively for RNT and CT). Application of inorganic fertilizer may maintain soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations, whereas long-term application of manure alone or in combination with NPK (M and NPK + M) may significantly increase SOC content compared to unfertilized land. Application of manure substantially increased the proportion of large macro-aggregates (2000 μm) relative to the regulation, thus resulting in a corresponding decrease in the percentage of micro-aggregates (53-250 μm). The labile element of organic carbon has been suggested as a delicate predictor of soil organic matter changes. Improving the soil organic carbon pool also increases resilience and eco-efficiency of the agro ecosystems.

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Sources, Characteristics, and Fate of Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide

Cited by 28 publications

References 44 publications

Structure, Function, and Mechanism of the Nickel Metalloenzymes, CO Dehydrogenase, and Acetyl-CoA Synthase

Structure, Function, and Mechanism of the Nickel Metalloenzymes, CO Dehydrogenase, and Acetyl-CoA Synthase

Seasonal Changes of Soil Organic Carbon and Microbial Biomass Carbon in Different Forest Ecosystems

Precision Agriculture Practices Improves Soil Aggregation, Aggregate Associated Organic Carbon Fractions and Nutrient Dynamics in Cereal-based Systems of North-West India: An Overview

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