Sources of characters useful for breeding in hulless barley

Abstract

Background. In the present-day situation, the problems pertaining to the nutritional quality of food and feed are quite pertinent for fodder production and cereal farming. The prospect to exploit hulless barley is regarded as a promising trend of agricultural research, because its grain contains chemical compounds of higher value than those in hulled barley. However, among the limiting factors of hulless barley cultivation, low yield should be mentioned, along with poor lodging resistance and susceptibility to fungal diseases. Therefore, the task of searching for and comprehensive studying of source material for hulless barley breeding is essential as the first step towards the development of high-yielding and adaptable cultivars.Materials and methods. Twenty hulless barley accessions, representing 15 botanical varieties, served as the target material for the study. Their genotypes were evaluated in the northern forest steppe environments of Tyumen Province (2015– 2017) according to the guidelines developed by the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) and field trial methods by B. A. Dospekhov. Correlation analysis was used for statistical processing of experimental data.Results and conclusion. The degree of interactions between the studied characters was measured, and their effect size in the formation of the yield was shown for hulless barley accessions. An inverse correlation of medium strength (r = –0.37) was observed between plant height and lodging resistance, and a direct relationship between plant height and yield was recorded (r = 0.37). The yield was most closely associated with grain weight per plant (r = 0.61) and 1000 grain weight (r = 0.54). The research results showed that C.I.10975 (k-30624, Ethiopia), Liguleless (k-29894, Tajikistan), Schwarze Nackte Kraftborn (k-25788, Germany) and ‘De printempe’ (k-23491, France) had relatively high yield combined with a number of other useful traits.

Nomenclatural standards of barley cultivars bred by the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region – Branch of the Tyumen Scientific Research Center SB RAS

“…), данные об авторах сорта и методе его получения согласно Fomina et al, 2022. 1 Note: The code, the year of inclusion, admission region, and maturation period are given according to the State Register (2023), the data on cultivar's authors and breeding method are given according to Fomina et al, 2022. НИИ сельского хозяйства Северного Зауралья -филиал ФГБУН ФИЦ Тюменского научного центра Сибирского отделения РАН.…”

Naked barley: taxonomy, breeding, and prospects of utilization

“…The areas under naked barley abruptly diminish in the direction from east to west. In Russia, naked barley is cultivated on a small scale due to a number of factors limiting its distribution (Tetyannikov, Bome, 2020).…”

“…In order to overcome this disadvantage of naked barley in breeding practice, it is necessary to control the morphology of the grain shape and the nature of the embryo's positioning (Tetyannikov, Bome, 2020). Quite a few lines with oval-shaped and even rounded grains have already been developed by crossing the Canadian naked barley cultivars McGwire and BRL-6 with the covered cultivars Getman, Vakula, Linus and others (Kirdoglo et al, 2013).…”

“…Naked barley yields also vary significantly depending on the characteristics of cultivars. The productivity of naked barley forms was studied in many regions of Russia: in the Tyu men (Tetyannikov, Bome, 2020), Omsk (Aniskov et al, 2015) and Kemerovo (Zaushintsena et al, 2007) regions and in the provinces of North Caucasus (Doroshenko et al, 2019), and others. Accessions with the highest yield and best adaptive properties were identified in those regions.…”

“…Testing under the conditions of Tyumen Province revealed resistance to lodging scoring 9 points in the two-row accessions: k-22308 (H 2198 Ubamer Baco), k-23450 (H 2866 Coll. Halle EP 80), k-25008 (Local), and k-25855 (Ra 6), and in multi-row ones: k-30663 (C.I.11073) and k-30624 (C.I.10975) (Tetyannikov, Bome, 2020).…”