Sourcing the obsidian of prehistoric tools found in western Iran to southeastern Turkey: a case study for the sites of Eastern Chia Sabz and Chogha Ahovan

Khazaee, Mostafa; Glascock, Michael D.; Masjedi, P.; Nadoshan, F. Khademi; Farsani, R. Soleimani; Delfan, Meysam; Mansori, A.; Sodaie, Bita; Dolatyari, A.

doi:10.1017/s0066154614000039

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(19 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The data produced are here compared with obsidian sources from the most widespread Turkish/Armenian volcanic areas with obsidian deposits reported in literature (Keller and Seifried, 1991;Khademi Nadooshan et al, 2013;Khazaee et al, 2014;Darabi and Glascock, 2013).…”

Section: Turkey and Armeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning approach to Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl Obsidians: non-invasive and non-destructive geochemical analyses for provenance source of Tulūl al Baqarat tools (Iraq)

Vaggelli,

Cossio,

Borghi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A machine learning approach to Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl geological obsidians was performed to determine the provenance of source material of nine obsidian blades from the archaeological site of Tulūl al Baqarat (Iraq). Obsidians tools have been chemically analysed with a non-invasive and non-destructive approach by a low vacuum SEM-EDS microprobe for determining major and minor elements and by a bench-to-top micro-XRF for trace elements. To identify the supply volcanic complex which produced the blocks from which they were knapped, a geochemical identification of Turkish obsidian sources, from the volcano to the artefact samples, was carried out introducing the use of the machine learning approach as exhaustive discriminative approach with complementary well-known geochemical comparisons and Principal Component Analysis. Obsidian tools show a rather homogeneous comendite and peraluminous rhyolite composition with an high Zr amount which excludes most obsidian outcrops in Turkish and Armenian volcanic sites as original obsidian sources. However, only using a machine learning approach to major, minor and trace elements, the obsidian tools have resulted geochemically comparable to Nemrut Dağ mild alkaline rhyolitic obsidians from pre-caldera eruptions, and now outcropping inside the caldera and in Sicaksu exposure. This source provenance from Nemrut Dağ stratovolcano in South-eastern Turkey, located near the Turkish route of the Tigris River, supports the evidence of a network of trade and broad exchange since 4th Millennium from Turkey and the South Near East, presumably through the basins of the Tigris and Euphrates to the shores of the Persian Gulf.

show abstract

Section: Turkey and Armeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning approach to Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl Obsidians: non-invasive and non-destructive geochemical analyses for provenance source of Tulūl al Baqarat tools (Iraq)

Vaggelli,

Cossio,

Borghi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, the recurrent presence of artefacts that could not be attributed to any known obsidian source has raised the possibility of potential outcrops located in Northwestern Iran. The suggested location for these possible obsidian sources notably includes the Sahand and Sabalan areas (Abedi, 2015, Agha‐Aligol et al, 2015, Burney, 1964, Khademi Nadooshan et al, 2007, 2010, 2013, Khazaee et al, 2014). Recent studies have started to address these claims, identifying several outcrops of reasonable quality for knapping in the Urmiah lake (i.e., Leylan and Gonag Giran; Niknami et al, 2010) and Bostanabad regions (i.e., Tajaraq A and B; Abedi, Vosough, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consuming local: The new obsidian source of Ideloo (Northwestern Iran) and first evidence of use by neighbouring prehistoric communities

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper reports the results of a recent geological and archaeological survey conducted in the Sarab district (Sabalan area) in Northwestern Iran. This survey aimed to identify potential obsidian outcrops in the region and to investigate archaeological sites in the vicinity to assess their obsidian exploitation patterns. We located a new obsidian source, Ideloo, and surveyed the previously known archaeological sites of Tepe Qalehjoogh, Kultepe Asbfrooshan, Tepe Emam Chay and Qaleh Tepe Abarghan. Here, we describe the methods and results of our surveys, along with the geochemical characterisation, using portable XRF and LA‐ICP‐MS, of both the new outcrop and the obsidian artefacts found on the sites. Our analyses have revealed the consumption of Ideloo obsidian on three of the four sites surveyed, confirming its exploitation by local communities. While validating previous assumptions regarding the existence of potential obsidian sources in Northwestern Iran, our study also highlights the consumption of raw materials originating from the Caucasus or Eastern Anatolia in complement to local resources. However, the diffusion of the Ideloo obsidian seems so far restricted to a small area, which suggests more complex consumption and trade patterns than previously expected.

show abstract

The provenance of local obsidian sources and its consumption in northwestern Iran’s prehistoric artifacts: using µ-Raman and µ-XRF spectroscopy

Koochakzaei,

Gohari,

Holakooei

et al. 2023

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sourcing the obsidian of prehistoric tools found in western Iran to southeastern Turkey: a case study for the sites of Eastern Chia Sabz and Chogha Ahovan

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

A machine learning approach to Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl Obsidians: non-invasive and non-destructive geochemical analyses for provenance source of Tulūl al Baqarat tools (Iraq)

A machine learning approach to Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl Obsidians: non-invasive and non-destructive geochemical analyses for provenance source of Tulūl al Baqarat tools (Iraq)

Consuming local: The new obsidian source of Ideloo (Northwestern Iran) and first evidence of use by neighbouring prehistoric communities

The provenance of local obsidian sources and its consumption in northwestern Iran’s prehistoric artifacts: using µ-Raman and µ-XRF spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About