South African Tick Bite Fever: An Overview

Frean, John; Grayson, Wayne

doi:10.1159/000495475

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The human illness associated to R. africae is the African Tick Bite Fever (ATBF), similar to MSF but milder and without maculopapular rash; sometimes the eschars may be two. Occasionally, it can cause neuropathy [ 170 ]. R. africae has been identified in Italy in a woman returning from Zimbabwe, with fever, tache noire and rash in the limb ipsilateral to the eschar; the symptomatology was identified as a sacral syndrome, evident in the same side of the eschar [ 161 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsiales in Italy

et al. 2021

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There is no updated information on the spread of Rickettsiales in Italy. The purpose of our study is to take stock of the situation on Rickettsiales in Italy by focusing attention on the species identified by molecular methods in humans, in bloodsucking arthropods that could potentially attack humans, and in animals, possible hosts of these Rickettsiales. A computerized search without language restriction was conducted using PubMed updated as of December 31, 2020. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was followed. Overall, 36 species of microorganisms belonging to Rickettsiales were found. The only species identified in human tissues were Anaplasma phagocytophilum,Rickettsia conorii, R. conorii subsp. israelensis, R. monacensis, R. massiliae, and R. slovaca. Microorganisms transmissible by bloodsucking arthropods could cause humans pathologies not yet well characterized. It should become routine to study the pathogens present in ticks that have bitten a man and at the same time that molecular studies for the search for Rickettsiales can be performed routinely in people who have suffered bites from bloodsucking arthropods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsiales in Italy

et al. 2021

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“…In sub-Saharan Africa and in rural settings, R. africae is transmitted by Amblyomma hebraeum [41]. Seroprevalence of ATBF (70%) has been documented in areas where A. hebraeum and cattle coincide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seroprevalence of ATBF (70%) has been documented in areas where A. hebraeum and cattle coincide. In Mpumalanga, SA, 24.5% of serological evidence (IgM antibodies) of ATBF in patients with febrile illness has been documented while, within the same community, 92.2% of patients were seropositive showing common exposure to ATBF rickettsiae [41]. Other cases reported on ATBF have been from people who visited SA as tourists [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia africae and Anaplasma Species in Ticks from Domestic Animals in Lesotho

et al. 2021

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Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) hamper the growth of the livestock sector and impose major constraints for the health and management of domestic animals in the tropic and subtropical regions globally. Currently, there is no scientific report on the presence of zoonotic pathogens transmitted by tick species in Lesotho. This study aimed to identify zoonotic tick-borne pathogens of economic importance from ticks infesting domestic animals in Lesotho using molecular techniques. A total of 322 tick DNA pools were subjected to PCR screening for the presence of zoonotic pathogens and sequenced. The overall prevalence of Anaplasma spp. was 35% (113/322), with a 100% infection rate in Rhipicephalus microplus, followed by R. evertsi evertsi (92%), Hyalomma rufipes and Otobius megnini sharing 50% and the lowest infection rate was observed in R. decoloratus with 40%. The prevalence of Coxiella burnetii, a gram-negative pleomorphic etiological agent of Query fever (Q fever), was 1% (2/322) for all screened samples, with 20% of R. decoloratus and 1% of R. e. evertsi infected. Rickettsia africae was detected from Hyalomma rufipes with a 70% prevalence. This study provides a baseline knowledge of tick-borne pathogens of medical and veterinary importance in Lesotho and raises awareness of the prevalence of such diseases within the tourism sector as they are mostly affected.

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“…Mosquitoes, ticks and their burdens were widely explored in the region because of their significant local contribution to human malaria [ 18 , 72 ], livestock (e.g., heartwater) [ 22 ] as well as zoonotic diseases [ 73 ]. Despite the knowledge of diversity of arthropod vector groups explored in this study, malaria was the only prominent mosquito-borne infectious disease known to most of the respondents’ households.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Potentially Pathogenic-Incriminated Arthropod Vectors of Health Concern in Botswana

Buxton

Machekano

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Arthropod vectors play a crucial role in the transmission of many debilitating infections, causing significant morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the economic significance of arthropods to public health, public knowledge on vector biology, ecology and taxonomic status remains anecdotal and largely unexplored. The present study surveyed knowledge gaps regarding the biology and ecology of arthropod vectors in communities of Botswana, across all districts. Results showed that communities are largely aware of individual arthropod vectors; however, their ‘potential contribution’ in disease transmission in humans, livestock and wildlife could not be fully attested. As such, their knowledge was largely limited with regards to some aspects of vector biology, ecology and control. Communities were strongly concerned about the burden of mosquitoes, cockroaches, flies and ticks, with the least concerns about fleas, bedbugs and lice, although the same communities did not know of specific diseases potentially vectored by these arthropods. Knowledge on arthropod vector control was mainly limited to synthetic chemical pesticides for most respondents, regardless of their location. The limited knowledge on potentially pathogen-incriminated arthropod vectors reported here has large implications for bridging knowledge gaps on the bio-ecology of these vectors countrywide. This is potentially useful in reducing the local burden of associated diseases and preventing the risk of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases under global change.

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South African Tick Bite Fever: An Overview

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Rickettsiales in Italy

Rickettsiales in Italy

Molecular Detection of Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia africae and Anaplasma Species in Ticks from Domestic Animals in Lesotho

A Survey of Potentially Pathogenic-Incriminated Arthropod Vectors of Health Concern in Botswana

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