South–North Refugee Migration: Lessons for Development Cooperation

Rotte, Ralph; Vögler, Michael; Zimmermann, Klaus F.

doi:10.1111/1467-9361.00008

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Migration and development policies might have a better chance of succeeding if both sides of the migration story -the circumstances in both the countries of origin and of destination -are taken into account (cf. Rotte et al, 1997, andRotte, 2000). In that respect one can understand why Borjas (1994Borjas ( : 1668 in the recent past made the claim that "an assessment of the economic impact of immigration requires an understanding of the factors that motivate persons in the source countries to emigrate."…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of Africa: What Drives the Pressure to Emigrate?

2003

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Abstract. Terms of use: Documents inWho intends to leave Africa and what drives the pressure to emigrate? For four African countries (Ghana, Senegal, Morocco and Egypt) we evaluate the strength of push and pull factors in stating emigration intentions 'out of Africa'. In general, one can say that the typical potential migrant is young, male, optimistic about attaining a higher living standard and finding a job and having relatively modern values compared to those who intend to stay. Classical push factors like unemployment and poverty are present in most countries. The most notable finding is extent with which the optimism surrounding the net benefits of migration drives emigration intentions out of Africa, especially in Ghana and Senegal. Besides this general observation, each and every country tells a different story. Signs of positive self-selection with respect to the level of education of potential migrants are clearly present in Ghana and Egypt, especially among women. However, negative self-selection applies to the case of Moroccan men. The network effects of potential migrants turn out to be of some importance in Ghana and Egypt. However, in Senegal and Morocco such ties are apparently not as important as one might expect from studies of actual migration behaviour. In Morocco the prevailing migration culture offers a plausible explanation and in Senegal the high frequency of migration in regions with an established migration history offers some of the services that network ties might offer.JEL classification: F22, O52, P2

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confidence: 99%

Out of Africa: What Drives the Pressure to Emigrate?

2003

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“…Only in the longer term, after sustained growth and significantly decreasing wage and other opportunity gaps with destination countries -often, but not necessarily, coinciding with demographic transitions (Zelinsky 1971) -long-distance (generally 'South-North') emigration tends to decrease and immigration to increase. In this way, countries tend to gradually transform from net emigration into net immigration countries (Martin & Taylor 1996;Rotte, Vogler & Zimmermann 1997). It has been argued that this transition occurs first for internal migration, then for international unskilled migration, and finally for the migration of the highly skilled (Fischer & Straubhaar 1996).…”

Section: Beyond 'Push-pull' Framework: Migration Systems and Transitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration from the Middle East and North Africa to Europe: Past Developments, Current Status and Future Potentials

Bommes¹,

Fassman²,

Sievers³

2014

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“…One factor mitigating uncertainty and lack of knowledge and support that has been stressed by many (e.g., Rotte et al1997, Author, Thielemann 2004, 2006a, Hatton 2009) is the existence of "migrant networks" (Massey 1990). As network theory suggests, a higher number of past migrants from the same country reduces information, assimilation and transaction costs for potential subsequent migrants and makes migration more likely (Rotte et al 1997). Such networks consist of personal relationships with already existing migrants, with which the potential migrant can establish some relationship.…”

Section: Spatial Dependence Among Source Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such restrictions create "negative" 1 externalities -if one country deters refugees by curtailing welfare benefits, a tighter visa regime or lower recognition rates, higher application numbers in other destination countries are likely to be the consequence (Brochmann 1995;Böcker and Havinga 1998;Suhrke 1998;Rotte et al 1997;Hatton 2004). 2 This externality-induced deflection leads to political tensions among destination countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from some anecdotal evidence in qualitative studies, this aspect of asylum migration has been neglected in the existing literature. To our knowledge, Rotte et al (1997) and Hatton (2004) are the only studies explicitly addressing spatial dependence in asylum migration. However, even these studies look at the effect of foreign asylum policy and foreign economic variables on domestic asylum applications rather than at spatial dependence in asylum flows directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Dependence in Asylum Migration

Barthel

Neumayer

2012

SSRN Journal

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Existing refugees in a destination country from the same source country reduce the uncertainty faced by subsequent asylum migrants since existing refugees can provide information and assistance. We argue that such network effects extend beyond the borders of specific source countries. Potential asylum migrants might also be able to draw on networks from geographically proximate as well as linguistically similar countries and from countries having previously been colonized by the same destination country, thus creating spatial dependence in asylum migration among source countries. Many destination countries meanwhile aspire to reduce the inflow of migrants by tightening their asylum policies. Target countries which restrict their policies relatively more than other destinations deflect some asylum migrants to geographically proximate destination countries, thus creating spatial dependence among target countries. We find evidence for both types of spatial dependence in our global analysis of asylum migration.However, while statistically significant, the degree of spatial dependence among target countries is modest. On the source side, there is evidence for modest spatial dependence among linguistically similar countries and no evidence for spatial dependence among countries which were previously colonized by the same destination country. By contrast, we find substantial spatial dependence among geographically proximate source countries.2

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South–North Refugee Migration: Lessons for Development Cooperation

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

Out of Africa: What Drives the Pressure to Emigrate?

Out of Africa: What Drives the Pressure to Emigrate?

Migration from the Middle East and North Africa to Europe: Past Developments, Current Status and Future Potentials

Spatial Dependence in Asylum Migration

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