Southern African Geomorphology

doi:10.18820/9781920382360

Cited by 9 publications

References 650 publications

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Intersecting views of gully erosion in South Africa

Olivier

Wiel

Clercq

2022

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Gully erosion is an environmental problem recognized as one of the worst land degradation processes worldwide. Insight into regional gully perturbations is required to combat the serious on‐ and off‐site impacts of gullying on a catchment management scale. In response, we intersect different perspectives on gully erosion‐specific views in South Africa (SA), a country that exhibits various physiographic properties and spans 1.22 million km2. While the debate surrounding gully origin continues, there is consensus that anthropogenic activities are a major contemporary driver. The anthropogenic impact caused gullying to transcend climatic, geomorphic, and land‐use boundaries, although it becomes more prominent in central to eastern SA. Soil erodibility plays a crucial role in what extent of gully erosion severity is attained from human impact, contributing to the east–west imbalance of erosion in SA. Soil erosion rates from gullying and badlands are limited but suggest that it ranges between 30 and 123 t ha−1 yr−1 in the more prominent areas. These soil loss rates are comparable to global rates where gullying is concerned; moreover, they are up to four orders of magnitude higher than the estimated baseline erosion rate. On a national scale, the complexity of gullying is evident from the different temporal timings of (re)activation or stabilizing and different evolution rates. Continued efforts are required to understand the intricate interplay of human activities, climate, and preconditions determining soil erodibility. In SA, more medium‐ to long‐term studies are required to understand better how changing control factors affect gully evolution. More research is needed to implement and appraise mitigation measures, especially using indigenous knowledge. Establishing (semi)‐automated mapping procedures would aid in gully monitoring and assessing the effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures. More urgently, the expected changes in climate and land‐use necessitate further research on how environmental change affects short‐term gully erosion dynamics.

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Intersecting views of gully erosion in South Africa

Olivier

Wiel

Clercq

2022

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The context of Quaternary environmental change in southern Africa

Knight¹,

Grab²

2016

Quaternary Environmental Change in Southern Africa

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Climate changes and tectonic processes throughout the Cenozoic, and earlier, provide the context for landscape and environmental change in southern Africa during the Quaternary. Changing land surface properties and resource availability, including rock types, topography, soils, ecosystems and drainage patterns, have exerted a strong impact on the processes and patterns of human evolution, technological innovation and behaviour over millennial timescales. The southern African landscape seen today, and the preserved imprint of its past human activities, resulted from the interplay between climate, tectonics and geomorphology over lengthy Cenozoic timescales.

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