Southern Hemisphere Response to the Secondary Planetary Waves Generated During the Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Final Warmings: Influence of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation

Qin, Yusong; Gu, Sheng-Yang; Dou, Xiankang; Teng, Chen‐Ke‐Min; Dou, Xiankang; Sun, Ruidi

doi:10.1029/2022jd037730

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 65 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…In this paper, the Aura/MLS GPH data are utilized to study the Q6DW‐W1 activities during the Antarctic SMW events in 2013 and 2014. Previous studies have demonstrated that the Aura/MLS GPH measurements are reliable and suitable for the research of PW activities during stratospheric warming events due to the stable coverage on the polar region (Qin, Gu, Dou, et al., 2021; Qin, Gu, Dou, Teng, et al., 2022; Yamazaki et al., 2021; Yamazaki & Matthias, 2019).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Quasi‐6‐Day Wave Activities in the Northern Hemisphere MLT Region Due To Antarctic Stratospheric Minor Warming Around September Equinox of 2013 and 2014

Qin,

Gu,

Dou

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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The geopotential height observations from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder show that the quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) events with westward zonal wavenumber 1 (W1) in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) during September 2013 and 2014 had a prolonged lifetime of ∼45–50 days and reached their maximum amplitudes after the September equinox, while the climatological Q6DW‐W1 is completely dissipated in the background atmosphere before the equinoxes. The Eliassen‐Palm flux diagnostic results indicate that Q6DW‐W1 during September 2013 and 2014 obtained an additional source at ∼60°‐80°S and ∼40–50 km as the September equinox approached, which is related to the baroclinic/barotropic instability in this region. Further investigation on the background atmosphere reveals that several stratospheric minor warming (SMW) events occurred in the Antarctic region during September 2013 and 2014 due to the enhancement of wavenumber 1 activities, accompanied by the increase in the stratospheric temperature, changes in the shape of the polar vortex and the reversal in the zonal mean circulation. The strong planetary wave breaking during the September 2013 and 2014 Antarctic SMW events significantly weakened the strength of the polar night jet (PNJ) and made its peak height descend below ∼35 km, which generated the baroclinic/barotropic instability at the new upper boundary of the PNJ (∼60°‐80°S and ∼40–50 km) by an anomalous double‐jet configuration in the background winds. This unusual instability provided additional wave source and energy for the trans‐equatorial propagation of Q6DW‐W1, which finally led to prolonged wave activities in the NH MLT region.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Quasi‐6‐Day Wave Activities in the Northern Hemisphere MLT Region Due To Antarctic Stratospheric Minor Warming Around September Equinox of 2013 and 2014

Qin,

Gu,

Dou

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Unexpected Global Structure of Quasi‐4‐Day Wave With Westward Zonal Wavenumber 2 During the February 2023 Unusual Major Sudden Stratospheric Warming With Elevated Stratopause

Qin,

Gu,

Dou

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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During February 2023, the quasi‐4‐day wave (Q4DW) with westward zonal wavenumber 2 (W2) reached its largest amplitude of ∼400 m in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) geopotential height observations since 2004, which occurred simultaneously with an Arctic major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) with an elevated stratopause (ES). However, the Q4DW‐W2 perturbations in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) were unexpectedly suppressed despite the unstable Arctic stratosphere and mesosphere during the 2023 ES‐SSW. Diagnostic analysis shows that the westward winds at ∼54°N–70°N in the upper stratosphere of ∼‐79 m/s during the 2023 ES‐SSW were the strongest during boreal winters over the past two decades, which benefited from the onset of a preceding minor SSW at the end of January. The strongest westward wind generated a wave geometry configuration of full reflection for Q4DW‐W2 in the NH, while the Q4DW‐W2 enhancement in the SH was induced by the in‐situ amplification of the surviving seeding perturbations.

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Quasi-10 d wave activity in the southern high-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region and its relation to large-scale instability and gravity wave drag

Lee,

Song,

Song

et al. 2024

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Seasonal variation in westward-propagating quasi-10 d waves (Q10DWs) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) high-latitude regions is investigated using meteor radar (MR) observations for the period of 2012–2016 and using the Specified Dynamics (SD) version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). The phase difference in meridional winds measured by two MRs located in Antarctica gives observational estimates of the amplitude and phase of the Q10DW with zonal wavenumber 1 (W1). The amplitude of the observed Q10DW-W1 is large around equinoxes. In order to elucidate the variations in the observed Q10DW-W1 and its possible amplification mechanism, we carry out two SD-WACCM experiments nudged towards the MERRA-2 reanalysis from the surface up to ∼ 60 km (EXP60) and ∼ 75 km (EXP75). Results of the EXP75 indicate that the observed Q10DW-W1 can be amplified around regions of barotropic and/or baroclinic instability in the middle mesosphere around 60–70° S. In the EXP60 experiment, it was also found that the Q10DW-W1 is amplified around the regions of instability, but the amplitude is too large compared to MR observations. The large-scale instability in the EXP60 in the SH summer mesosphere is stronger than that in the EXP75 and Microwave Limb Sounder observations. The larger instability in the EXP60 is related to the large meridional and vertical variations in polar mesospheric zonal winds in association with gravity wave parameterization (GWP). Given uncertainties inherent in GWP, these results can suggest that it is possible for models to spuriously generate traveling planetary waves such as the Q10DW, especially in summer, due to excessively strong large-scale instability in the SH high-latitude mesosphere.

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Southern Hemisphere Response to the Secondary Planetary Waves Generated During the Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Final Warmings: Influence of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Prolonged Quasi‐6‐Day Wave Activities in the Northern Hemisphere MLT Region Due To Antarctic Stratospheric Minor Warming Around September Equinox of 2013 and 2014

Prolonged Quasi‐6‐Day Wave Activities in the Northern Hemisphere MLT Region Due To Antarctic Stratospheric Minor Warming Around September Equinox of 2013 and 2014

Unexpected Global Structure of Quasi‐4‐Day Wave With Westward Zonal Wavenumber 2 During the February 2023 Unusual Major Sudden Stratospheric Warming With Elevated Stratopause

Quasi-10 d wave activity in the southern high-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region and its relation to large-scale instability and gravity wave drag

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