Soviet Computing in the 1980s: A Survey of the Software and Its Applications

Judy, Richard W.; Clough, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60301-0

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…We cannot fully exclude the availability of chess computer software, as there was a lot of software plagiarism (circumventing the trade embargo). However, computers remained a luxury item for most of the Soviet population (Judy & Clough, 1990). Only with Glasnost (1987) and then the fall of the Iron Curtain did the import of Western electronics start to increase.…”

Section: Variables and Econometric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Gaessler

Piezunka

2023

Strategic Management Journal

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We suggest that AI can help decision‐makers learn; specifically, that it can help them learn strategic interactions by serving as artificial training partners and thus help them to overcome a bottleneck of scarce human training partners. We present evidence from chess computers, the first widespread incarnation of AI. Leveraging the staggered diffusion of chess computers, we find that they did indeed help chess players improve by serving as a substitute for scarce human training partners. We also illustrate that chess computers were not a perfect substitute, as players training with them were not exposed to and thus did not learn to exploit idiosyncratic (“human”) mistakes. We discuss implications for research on learning, on AI in management and strategy, and on competitive advantage.

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Section: Variables and Econometric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Gaessler

Piezunka

2023

Strategic Management Journal

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Change and Continuity at IBM: Key Themes in Histories of IBM

Cortada¹

2018

Bus. Hist. Rev.

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IBM has been the subject of considerable study by historians, economists, business management professors, and journalists. This essay surveys the various writings on the company, placing their contributions in a roughly chronological account of the company's history, from its early days in tabulating through to its dominance of global markets in computing. The essay includes well-known studies of IBM in addition to more obscure accounts. It emphasizes the need to consider the company's culture along with its technological and managerial changes in order to grasp the reasons for its longevity.

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The Communist Internyet: Analysis about the non-consolidation of a computer network in the Soviet Union (1958-1991)

Santos Junior

2024

RBHCS

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Análise sobre a evolução e desenvolvimento dos projetos ligados à consolidação do sistema / rede de computadores na União Soviética entre os anos 1950 e 1980. O foco do estudo está nas propostas precursoras do militar Anatoly Kitov no final dos anos 1950, e do ambicioso projeto proposto pelo pesquisador Viktor Glushkov, a partir do Sistema Estatal de Gerenciamento Automatizado (OGAS), que almejou criar uma complexa rede de computadores na URSS, discutidos entre 1962-1970 e parcialmente rejeitados. Por fim, discutem-se as iniciativas localizadas, e muitas vezes fragmentadas, apresentadas pelo partido comunista nos anos 1970 e 1980. A pesquisa identificou que, apesar das ideias pioneiras de inserção de uma rede de computadores, anos antes das iniciativas feitas no Estados Unidos, os projetos acabaram entrando em choque com a excessiva centralização econômica e administrativa na União Soviética, gerando forte oposição dos ministérios ligados ao partido comunista, atingindo diretamente o OGAS, definindo assim o insucesso do programa

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Soviet Computing in the 1980s: A Survey of the Software and Its Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Change and Continuity at IBM: Key Themes in Histories of IBM

The Communist Internyet: Analysis about the non-consolidation of a computer network in the Soviet Union (1958-1991)

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