Soybean cultivars adapted to southern Brazil differ in their reaction to Globisporangium irregulare, G. ultimum var. sporangiiferum and Pythium conidiophorum

Abstract

Brazil is the largest soybean producer in the world (USDA, 2022). The area cultivated with soybean in the country is divided into macroregions due to the differences in environmental conditions (Kaster & Farias, 2012), which require cultivars adapted to each macroregion.Damping-off of soybean is a common problem reported by several growers in Macroregion 1 (Costamilan et al., 2013;Molin et al., 2021a), which includes the southern region of Brazil (Kaster & Farias, 2012). Symptoms of the disease include seed decay and root rot (Broders et al., 2007;Rojas et al., 2017), which can compromise seed germination, seedling emergence and initial establishment of