Soybean Leaf Morphology and Defoliation Tolerance

Haile, Fikru J.; Higley, Leon G.; Specht, James E.; Spomer, Stephen M.

doi:10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000030007x

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The high leaf area index values were likely due to adequate rainfall that season, allowing plants to better compensate for leaf area loss through leaf regrowth. Haile et al (1998) reported similar postdefoliation soybean leaf regrowth in seasons with ample rainfall. A relationship between leaf area index and yield was not expected in these data sets; plateau levels (with zero slope) had been achieved.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Relationship Between Leaf Area Index and Yield in Double-Crop and Full-Season Soybean Systems

Malone¹,

Herbert²,

Holshouser³

2002

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Previous research indicates a correlation between leaf area index (LAI) and yield of full-season soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], which is a single crop planted early in the season. Leaf area index values of at least 3.5-4.0 in the reproductive stages are required for maximum potential yield. It is unknown how yields of double-crop soybean, which is planted late into harvested small grain fields, respond to changes in leaf area index. We hypothesized that double-crop soybean would be more sensitive to defoliation than full-season soybean. This study used linear and linear plateau models to describe the yield response of full-season and double-crop soybean to reductions in leaf area index through manual defoliation, and evaluated the yield response of double-crop soybean to reductions in leaf area index through natural insect defoliation. From 15 manual defoliation experiments over 3 yr, significant linear decreases in yield occurred in both full-season and double-crop soybean when leaf area index values were below 3.5-4.0 by developmental stages R4 to R5, whereas yields usually reached a plateau at higher leaf area index levels. Average yield loss was 769 +/- 319 kg ha(-1) for each unit decrease in leaf area index below the plateau; average maximum yield was 3,484 +/- 735 kg ha(-1). From eight field experiments over 2 yr, insect defoliators had no effect on double-crop soybean yield; leaf area index levels were above 4.0 by the developmental stage when leaf area index estimates were taken (R3 to R6). Therefore, double-crop soybean that maintains leaf area index values above the 3.5-4.0 critical level by mid-reproductive developmental stages can tolerate defoliating pests.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Relationship Between Leaf Area Index and Yield in Double-Crop and Full-Season Soybean Systems

Malone¹,

Herbert²,

Holshouser³

2002

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“…Plants that grow indeterminately can better compensate for tissue loss (Haile et al 1998). In fact, indeterminately growing trees may be less susceptible to early season defoliation because they can continue to grow throughout the summer and compensate for lost tissue.…”

Section: Ecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced resistance in the indeterminate growth of aspen (Populus tremuloides)

Stevens

Lindroth

2005

Oecologia

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Studies of induction in trees have examined rapid induced resistance (RIR) or delayed induced resistance (DIR), but have not examined induction that occurs in leaves produced by indeterminately growing trees subsequent to, but in the same season as, damage. We refer to induction that occurs during this time period as intermediate-delayed induced resistance (IDIR). We assessed the influences of genetic and environmental factors, and their interactions, on temporal and spatial variation in induction and on tradeoffs between induced and constitutive levels of resistance in indeterminately growing saplings of aspen (Populus tremuloides). We utilized a common garden of 12 aspen genotypes experiencing two levels of defoliation and two levels of soil nutrients. We assessed concentrations of phenolic glycosides and condensed tannins in damaged leaf remnants collected 1 week after defoliation to examine rapid and local induction, and in undamaged leaves produced 8 weeks after defoliation to assess intermediate-delayed and systemic induction. In general, tannins showed RIR, while phenolic glycosides expressed IDIR. For both classes of allelochemicals, we found high estimates of broad-sense heritability and genetic variation in both induced and constitutive levels. Genetic variation may be maintained by both direct costs of allelochemicals and by costs of inducibility (phenotypic plasticity). Such costs may drive the tradeoff exhibited between induced and constitutive levels of phenolic glycosides. IDIR may be important in reducing total-season tissue loss by providing augmented resistance against late summer herbivores in trees that have experienced damage earlier in the season. Herbivore-resistant compensatory growth is especially beneficial to young trees growing in competitive environments.

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“…Insetos-praga desfolhadores atuam modificando a arquitetura do dossel, reduzindo a área foliar efetiva, diminuindo a intercepção da luz, a taxa de crescimento da cultura (TCC), o acúmulo de massa seca (MS) e, conseqüentemente, levando ao decréscimo do rendimento de grãos (HAILE et al, 1998b;GAZZONI & MOSCARDI, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tolerância da soja ao desfolhamento afetada pela redução do espaçamento entre fileiras

Parcianello¹,

Costa

Pires

et al. 2004

Cienc. Rural

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Tolerância da soja ao desfolhamento afetada pela redução do espaçamento entre fileiras.Ciência Rural, v.34, n.2, mar-abr, 2004. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v.34, n.2, p.357-364, mar-abr, 2004 ISSN Tolerância da soja ao desfolhamento afetada pela redução do espaçamento entre fileiras INTRODUÇÃOA soja é uma planta que suporta determinado nível de redução de área foliar sem que haja decréscimo significativo do rendimento de grãos. A tolerância da soja ao desfolhamento depende do índice de área foliar (IAF), da taxa de fotossíntese, da quantidade de luz interceptada, da distribuição da luz nos estratos da planta e, possivelmente, da partição Recebido para publicação 25.06.02 Aprovado em 25.06.03

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Soybean Leaf Morphology and Defoliation Tolerance

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Relationship Between Leaf Area Index and Yield in Double-Crop and Full-Season Soybean Systems

Relationship Between Leaf Area Index and Yield in Double-Crop and Full-Season Soybean Systems

Induced resistance in the indeterminate growth of aspen (Populus tremuloides)

Tolerância da soja ao desfolhamento afetada pela redução do espaçamento entre fileiras

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