Space Applications of Nitinol Heat Engines

Hayashida, Kenneth H.; Cady, E. C.; McNichols, J. L.; Galik, Benedict R.

doi:10.4271/851322

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In research presented by Salzbrenner R, the maximum amount of work produced by two types of SMA (Ni-40% Ti) heat engines (Stirling and Ericsson) working between room temperature of 25 • C-190 •• C is 58.2 J mol −1 per cycle, and its efficiency is around 0.4% [102]. As for the prototype thermo-turbine synchronized heat engine developed by Hayashida et al, the output power is 0.050 W [74]. A swashplate NiTi SMA heat engine developed by Jardine gave an output power of 0.166 W at 55 rpm, with a temperature difference of 80 • C [90].…”

Section: Efficiency and Thermodynamics Thermal Recovery Of The Sma He...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These advantages can be like the absence of drag through the working medium, easy changing of direction of rotation, less material use, high concentration of heat source, to mention a few. Hayashida et al developed a prototype for a space thermo-turbine heat engine based on Johnson's model and is tested by simulating the radiation and space environment in a space vacuum chamber [74]. The engine has two pulleys with timing gears and a timing belt for synchronizing and other two idle pulleys.…”

Section: Synchronized Pulley Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hayashida et al developed a prototype thermo-turbine synchronized NiTi SMA heat engine for space missions [74]. For the analysis, the output work and power could be calculated as follows: work = γ (∆T − β) , and Power = δα (∆T − β) t .…”

Section: Driving Model Based On the Working Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Javakhishvili et al reported that the martensite rotor engine is more efficient than non-rotor martensite [71,72]. A reciprocating NiTi SMA heat engine developed by Kaneko et al is able to produce 0.1 watt at 30-40 rpm using a 0.3 mm NiTi SMA wire at a temperature difference of 95 • C [74,89]. Javakhishvili et al obtained a thermal efficiency of 1.5% by using a synchronized SMA heat engine [71].…”

Section: Efficiency and Thermodynamics Thermal Recovery Of The Sma He...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on Nitinol shape memory alloy heat engines

Abubakar

Wang

2020

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Nitinol (NiTi) shape memory alloy (SMA) heat engine is a very promising candidate application of SMA since its invention, but yet to be put as commercial due to its low efficiency and performance. In this paper, a review of different types of NiTi SMA heat engine is presented. The review is done based on the following headings: conceptual design, constitutive driving model, the performance of the engine, and engine limitations. Factors like temperature, cooling rate, size of NiTi SMA element, and the stretch ratio of NiTi SMA spring were identified as determinants of final output power and efficiency of SMA heat engines. It is found that a crankshaft NiTi SMA heat engine produced the highest power output value of 4 watt, an unsynchronized pulley NiTi SMA heat engine with 11.3% of engine efficiency has the highest engine performance so far recorded. Some engine's drawbacks like an improper driving model, drag loss, backsliding were identified as the major problem affecting the engine performance, and which, if solved, will increase the overall performance and efficiency for future development toward its commercialization.

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Section: Efficiency and Thermodynamics Thermal Recovery Of The Sma He...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synchronized Pulley Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Driving Model Based On the Working Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Efficiency and Thermodynamics Thermal Recovery Of The Sma He...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on Nitinol shape memory alloy heat engines

Abubakar

Wang

2020

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…The pulley engine has two or more pulleys, which can be divided into synchronous pulley engines and asynchronous pulley engines. If the first two pulleys are synchronized by a timing belt, it is called a synchronized pulley engine (Aono et al, 2014; Hayashida et al, 1985), and the connection between the two pulleys is both an SMA element and a timing belt. If the two pulleys rotate independently, it is called an asynchronous pulley engine (Sato et al, 2008; Tobushi et al, 1989), so the only connection between the two pulleys is the SMA element.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential equation model of shape memory alloy spring and its application in heat engines

Wang

2022

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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In order to use low-grade thermal sources more efficiently, different types of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) heat engines have been proposed and studied, but the lack of a robust constitutive model is still an open issue. In the current paper, the SMA spring model is constructed by combining the mechanical spring theory and the SMA differential equation model. This model can describe the characteristics of SMA springs well, so it is used for SMA heat engine modeling. The state of the SMA heat engine under different loads is calculated, and the output of the SMA heat engine can also be calculated and compared with its experimental value. The calculated rotation speed and output power of the SMA heat engine are in good agreement with the experimental values, which illustrates the superiority of the proposed model and provides a method for the simulation, design, and optimization of the SMA heat engine.

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Geothermo-mechanical energy conversion using shape memory alloy heat engine

A.,

2024

J Mater. Sci: Mater Eng.

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The shift towards renewable energy sources like geothermal energy has become desirable due to the recurrent energy crisis and global warming challenges influenced by fossil fuels. Geothermo-mechanical energy conversion using shape memory alloy (SMA) heat engines presents a novel and sustainable approach for harnessing geothermal energy. Shape memory alloys, known for their ability to undergo reversible phase transformations driven by temperature changes, are ideal for thermal-to-mechanical energy conversion. This paper explores the design and performance of an SMA heat engine that utilizes geothermal heat sources to drive mechanical work. The engine operates by cycling between the high-temperature geothermal environment and a cooler sink, exploiting the shape memory effect to generate mechanical motion. By integrating geothermal energy and SMA technology, this system offers a potential solution for renewable energy generation, with applications in remote or off-grid locations. The paper also investigates output power and the thermodynamic efficiency. A model is formulated and the engine behavior is simulated. A series of experiments are conducted for engine output power and efficiency. The model is compared to the experimental data for validation. The engine developed a maximum power of 3.5, 8.5, and 11.5 watts at 60, 80, and 90 °C respectively. The proposed SMA-based geothermo-mechanical energy conversion system offers a promising solution for efficient, reliable, and scalable geothermal energy harvesting. This research contributes to the development of innovative, efficient geothermal energy conversion technologies, supporting global renewable energy goals and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This innovative energy conversion mechanism could play a key role in the future of sustainable power generation.

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Space Applications of Nitinol Heat Engines

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

A review on Nitinol shape memory alloy heat engines

A review on Nitinol shape memory alloy heat engines

Differential equation model of shape memory alloy spring and its application in heat engines

Geothermo-mechanical energy conversion using shape memory alloy heat engine

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