2003
DOI: 10.1109/tns.2003.813131
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Space, atmospheric, and terrestrial radiation environments

Abstract: The progress on developing models of the radiation environment since the 1960s is reviewed with emphasis on models that can be applied to predicting the performance of microelectronics used in spacecraft and instruments. Space, atmospheric, and ground environments are included. It is shown that models must be adapted continually to account for increased understanding of the dynamics of the radiation environment and the changes in microelectronics technology. The IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Confere… Show more

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Cited by 277 publications
(92 citation statements)
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References 67 publications
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“…Highly energetic particles may pose a significant risk of damage to space-based instruments 25 as well as biological systems, e.g. astronauts 26 . Simulations suggest that scattered ions resulting from CME and solar wind interaction initiate the onset of Alfvén waves in the shock front, accelerating particles to high energy 27 .…”
Section: Transient Eventsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Highly energetic particles may pose a significant risk of damage to space-based instruments 25 as well as biological systems, e.g. astronauts 26 . Simulations suggest that scattered ions resulting from CME and solar wind interaction initiate the onset of Alfvén waves in the shock front, accelerating particles to high energy 27 .…”
Section: Transient Eventsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first American satellite, Explorer I, was launched into orbit in January of 1958 equipped with instruments thought capable of quantifying the predicted near-Earth radiation environment. The failure of this instrument due to the overwhelming intensity of the radiation environment it was subjected to provided the first glimpse into the challenges associated with quantifying and mitigating the effects of such environments [17].…”
Section: Ii2 the Space Radiation Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 At ground level, neutrons are the most frequent causes of upsets. 4 When a single heavy ion strikes the silicon, it loses its energy through the production of free electron-hole pairs, resulting in a dense ionized track in the local region.…”
Section: Radiation Effects On Sram-based Fpgasmentioning
confidence: 99%