Space‐based observations of megacity carbon dioxide

Kort, E. A.; Frankenberg, Christian; Miller, Charles E.; Oda, T.

doi:10.1029/2012gl052738

Cited by 212 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, several studies indicate that Envisat/SCIAMACHY and GOSAT should be able to constrain CO 2 emissions from large cities or large industrial regions (e.g., Schneising et al, 2008;Kort et al, 2012;Schneising et al, 2013). Kort et al (2012) further argue that GOSAT could detect a trend as small as 22 % from Los Angeles. OCO-2 and GHGSat should be even more capable.…”

Section: New Satellite-based Ghg Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining sector-specific CO2 and CH4 emissions in the US

Miller

Michalak

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. This review paper explores recent efforts to estimate state-and national-scale carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) emissions from individual anthropogenic source sectors in the US. Nearly all state and national climate change regulations in the US target specific source sectors, and detailed monitoring of individual sectors presents a greater challenge than monitoring total emissions. We particularly focus on opportunities to synthesize disparate types of information on emissions, including emission inventory data and atmospheric greenhouse gas data.We find that inventory estimates of sector-specific CO 2 emissions are sufficiently accurate for policy evaluation at the national scale but that uncertainties increase at state and local levels. CH 4 emission inventories are highly uncertain for all source sectors at all spatial scales, in part because of the complex, spatially variable relationships between economic activity and CH 4 emissions. In contrast to inventory estimates, top-down estimates use measurements of atmospheric mixing ratios to infer emissions at the surface; thus far, these efforts have had some success identifying urban CO 2 emissions and have successfully identified sector-specific CH 4 emissions in several opportunistic cases. We also describe a number of forward-looking opportunities that would aid efforts to estimate sector-specific emissions: fully combine existing top-down datasets, expand intensive aircraft measurement campaigns and measurements of secondary tracers, and improve the economic and demographic data (e.g., activity data) that drive emission inventories. These steps would better synthesize inventory and topdown data to support sector-specific emission reduction policies.

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Section: New Satellite-based Ghg Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining sector-specific CO2 and CH4 emissions in the US

Miller

Michalak

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…This notion, in concert with the excellent spatiotemporal coverage of satellite-based observations, suggests space-based observations would be an ideal manner in which to sample urban emissions. Kort et al [2012] succeeded in detecting enhanced CO 2 over the Los Angeles and Mumbai megacities using observations from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), but noted that current space-based urban CO 2 observing capabilities are quite limited, and still require as yet nonexistent ground-based validation. With long temporal averaging, SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY) has exhibited sensitivity to persistent CO 2 emissions from industrial Germany [Schneising et al, 2008], and future satellites with designs optimized for urban studies may significantly improve space-based studies [Bovensmann et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface observations for monitoring urban fossil fuel CO₂ emissions: Minimum site location requirements for the Los Angeles megacity

et al. 2013

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[1] The contemporary global carbon cycle is dominated by perturbations from anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. One approach to identify, quantify, and monitor anthropogenic emissions is to focus on intensely emitting urban areas. In this study, we compare the ability of different CO 2 observing systems to constrain anthropogenic flux estimates in the Los Angeles megacity. We consider different observing system configurations based on existing observations and realistic near-term extensions of the current ad hoc network. We use a high-resolution regional model (Stochastic TimeInverted Lagrangian Transport-Weather Research and Forecasting) to simulate different observations and observational network designs within and downwind of the Los Angeles (LA) basin. A Bayesian inverse method is employed to quantify the relative ability of each network to improve constraints on flux estimates. Ground-based column CO 2 observations provide useful complementary information to surface observations due to lower sensitivity to localized dynamics, but column CO 2 observations from a single site do not appear to provide sensitivity to emissions from the entire LA megacity. Surface observations from remote, downwind sites contain weak, sporadic urban signals and are complicated by other source/sink impacts, limiting their usefulness for quantifying urban fluxes in LA. We find a network of eight optimally located in-city surface observation sites provides the minimum sampling required for accurate monitoring of CO 2 emissions in LA, and present a recommended baseline network design. We estimate that this network can distinguish fluxes on 8 week time scales and 10 km spatial scales to within~12 g C m -2 d -1 (~10% of average peak fossil CO 2 flux in the LA domain).Citation: Kort, E. A., W. M. Angevine, R. Duren, and C. E. Miller (2013), Surface observations for monitoring urban fossil fuel CO 2 emissions: Minimum site location requirements for the Los Angeles megacity,

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“…Several other studies combined CO 2 emission from point sources like power plants with nighttime lights data, which was in agreement with existing inventory dataset [76,77]. DMSP/OLS nighttime light data in combination with spatially explicit estimation of CO 2 concentrations from the Japanese Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite have been used to understand the anthropogenic emissions of CO 2 from megacities such as Los Angeles [78].…”

Section: Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Application of DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Images: A Meta-Analysis and a Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2014

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Since the release of the digital archives of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Line Scanner (DMSP/OLS) nighttime light data in 1992, a variety of datasets based on this database have been produced and applied to monitor and analyze human activities and natural phenomena. However, differences among these datasets and how they have been applied may potentially confuse researchers working with these data. In this paper, we review the ways in which data from DMSP/OLS nighttime light images have been applied over the past two decades, focusing on differences in data processing, research trends, and the methods used among the different application areas. Five main datasets extracted from this database have led to many studies in various research areas over the last 20 years, and each dataset has its own strengths and limitations. The number of publications based on this database and the diversity of authors and institutions involved have shown promising growth. In addition, researchers have accumulated vast experience OPEN ACCESS Remote Sens. 2014, 6 6845 retrieving data on the spatial and temporal dynamics of settlement, demographics, and socioeconomic parameters, which are "hotspot" applications in this field. Researchers continue to develop novel ways to extract more information from the DMSP/OLS database and apply the data to interdisciplinary research topics. We believe that DMSP/OLS nighttime light data will play an important role in monitoring and analyzing human activities and natural phenomena from space in the future, particularly over the long term. A transparent platform that encourages data sharing, communication, and discussion of extraction methods and synthesis activities will benefit researchers as well as public and political stakeholders.

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Space‐based observations of megacity carbon dioxide

Cited by 212 publications

References 34 publications

Constraining sector-specific CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in the US

Constraining sector-specific CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in the US

Surface observations for monitoring urban fossil fuel CO₂ emissions: Minimum site location requirements for the Los Angeles megacity

Application of DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Images: A Meta-Analysis and a Systematic Literature Review

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Space‐based observations of megacity carbon dioxide

Cited by 212 publications

References 34 publications

Constraining sector-specific CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emissions in the US

Constraining sector-specific CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emissions in the US

Surface observations for monitoring urban fossil fuel CO2 emissions: Minimum site location requirements for the Los Angeles megacity

Application of DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Images: A Meta-Analysis and a Systematic Literature Review

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Constraining sector-specific CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in the US

Constraining sector-specific CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in the US

Surface observations for monitoring urban fossil fuel CO₂ emissions: Minimum site location requirements for the Los Angeles megacity