Space debris mitigation measures in India

Adimurthy, V.; Ganeshan, A. S.

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.09.002

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Currently, more than 14,000 objects with diameters larger than about 10 cm are orbiting the Earth. Most Mitigation of the debris population has been discussed for many years within the international space agencies, the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 41 and in many professional meetings, resulting in numerous publications dealing with the issue (e.g., NASA safety standard 42 and other references 14,43,44 ). In general, four main measures have been identified: passivation (i.e., the removal of onboard stored energy, mainly chemical energy of propellants) to prevent debris generation by explosions; limiting post-mission orbital lifetimes of satellites to less than 25 years; the removal of objects, especially larger objects, from orbit (de-orbiting) to prevent collisions; [45][46][47] and "sweeping" debris back to earth's atmosphere.…”

Section: Mitigation Of Future Debris Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Grossman¹,

Gouzman²,

Verker³

2010

MRS Bull.

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In the last 40 years, the increased space activity created a new form of space environment of hypervelocity objects-space debris-that have no functional use. The space debris, together with naturally occurring ultrahigh velocity meteoroids, presents a significant hazard to spacecraft. Collision with space debris or meteoroids might result in disfunction of external units such as solar cells, affecting materials properties, contaminating optical devices, or destroying satellites. The collision normally results in the formation of additional debris, increasing the hazard for future missions. The hypervelocity debris effect is studied by retrieving materials from space or by using ground simulation facilities. Simulation facilities, which include the light gas gun and Laser Driven Flyer methods, are used for studying the materials degradation due to debris impact. The impact effect could be accelerated when occurring simultaneously with other space environment components, such as atomic oxygen, ultraviolet, or x-ray radiation. Understanding the degradation mechanism might help in developing materials that will withstand the increasing hazard from the space debris, allowing for longer space missions. The large increase in space debris population and the associated risk to space activity requires significant measures to mitigate this hazard. Most current efforts are being devoted to prevention of collisions by keeping track of the larger debris and avoiding formation of new debris.

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Section: Mitigation Of Future Debris Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Grossman¹,

Gouzman²,

Verker³

2010

MRS Bull.

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“…Так, Индийская научно-исследовательская организация с 2001 г. использует планирование запусков своих РН PSLV и GSLV [5,6]. Примером использования этой системы является краткосрочный перенос на несколько минут запуска РН PSLV-C4 12 сентября 2002 г. Примечательно, что причиной этого являлась высокая вероятность столкновения с обломком другой индийской РН PSLV-C3 [6]. В США планирование времени запуска для предотвращения столкновения с Международной космической станцией является обязательным требованием к обеспечению миссий РН [7].…”

Section: анализ достижений и публикацийunclassified

Studying the motion of a launch vehicle and observed space debris objects during launch preparation

Holubek¹

2020

Kosm. teh. Raket. Vooruž

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“…ISRO's constellations of satellites in and near GSO and GEO region, are designed with adequate propellant margins to reduce the potential for future collisions by re-orbiting them to a higher graveyard orbit at the end of their operational lifetime. All forms of stored energy are safed in order to prevent an in-orbit explosion (Adimurthy and Ganeshan, 2006). A number of analytical models of fragmentation events have been designed and developed to compute the evolution of breakups in orbits (Ganeshan et al, 1988;Ganeshan and Ananthasayanam, 1996;1997;Ganeshan et al, 2001;Ananthasayanam et al, 2003;Ananthasayanam et al, 2002;Sharma et al, 2002;Bandyopadhyay et al, 2004).…”

Section: Earlier Space Debris Mitigation Activities In Isromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the risk associated with the on-orbit explosion were known, the incident of PSLV-C3 occurred. After the explosion of PSLV-C3, successful implementation of passivation of the launch vehicle upper stage is carried out in the design of PSLV from C4 mission onwards (Adimurthy and Ganeshan, 2006).…”

Section: Upper Stage Passivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of Space Debris Mitigation Activities in ISRO

Kosambe

2019

Journal of Aircraft and Spacecraft Technology

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For several decades orbital debris has been identified as a serious concern by all space-faring agencies and nations as it potentially threatens the current and future space endeavors. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is well aware of the present space debris scenario and is aimed towards achieving the goal of preserving outer-space for humanity. ISRO works on different aspects to effectively manage the threats due to space debris. This paper provides an overview of past activities carried out in ISRO towards the implementation of space debris mitigation guidelines. One of the significant step taken is the implementation of end of life passivation of the cryogenic upper stage of ISRO's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV). Another one is the successful design and development of propellant venting system for the upper stage of ISRO's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). ISRO's constellation of communication and navigation satellites orbiting in GSO's are designed with adequate propellant so that it can re-orbit to the higher graveyard orbit at the end of their operational lifetime. A typical successful re-orbiting and decommissioning operation of INSAT-3E is described in detail. ISRO has successfully designed and developed the models and software to predict the atmospheric re-entry of satellites and launch vehicle upper stages, and also to compute the collision risk between the debris and the operational satellites. ISRO has also developed models to study the evolution of the space debris environment in LEO and GEO region. ISRO enthusiastically works with the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS) and Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) to further improve the space debris mitigation guidelines.

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Space debris mitigation measures in India

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

Studying the motion of a launch vehicle and observed space debris objects during launch preparation

Overview of Space Debris Mitigation Activities in ISRO

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