Space-resolved characterization of high frequency atmospheric-pressure plasma in nitrogen, applying optical emission spectroscopy and numerical simulation

Rajasekaran, Priyadarshini; Ruhrmann, C; Bibinov, Nikita; Awakowicz, Peter

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/44/48/485205

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These can be calculated applying temporary and space averaged plasma parameters. The influence of inhomogeneity of the plasma parameters on calculated excitation (or dissociation) rates by application of OES diagnostics was studied in [9], [22], [6], and a good agreement between space resolved and averaged excitation rates was found in most cases. In emission spectrum of DBD in air, the vibrational bands of 'second positive' (N 2 (C-B)) and 'first negative' (N 2 + (B-X)) systems of nitrogen are observed.…”

Section: Diagnostics and Plasma Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen acts as sensor gas and OES diagnostics was applied in assumption that all nitrogen molecular emissions are excited during electron impact of ground state N 2 (X). However, at some plasma conditions, especially at high electron density, this assumption is not sufficient and a plasma-chemical model, where emission of nitrogen ions also excited by electron impact of ground state of N 2 + , must be applied [6]. Therefore, consideration of plasma chemical models of excitation of both nitrogen emissions is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of transient discharges under atmospheric-pressure conditions applying nitrogen photoemission and current measurements

Keller

Rajasekaran

Bibinov

et al. 2012

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract.The plasma parameters such as electron distribution function and electron density of three atmospheric-pressure transient discharges namely filamentary and homogeneous dielectric barrier discharges in air, and the spark discharge of argon plasma coagulation (APC) system are determined. A combination of numerical simulation as well as diagnostic methods including current measurement and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) based on nitrogen emissions is used. The applied methods supplement each other and resolve problems, which arise when these methods are used individually. Nitrogen is used as sensor gas and is admixed in low amount to argon for characterizing the APC discharge. Both direct and stepwise electron impact excitation of nitrogen emissions are included in the plasma-chemical model applied for characterization of these transient discharges using OES where ambiguity arises in the determination of plasma parameters at specific discharge conditions. It is shown that the measured current solves this problem by providing additional information useful for the determination of discharge-specific plasma parameters.

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Section: Diagnostics and Plasma Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of transient discharges under atmospheric-pressure conditions applying nitrogen photoemission and current measurements

Keller

Rajasekaran

Bibinov

et al. 2012

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…As shown before, the rotational temperature of upper molecular states excited by electron impact is equal to the rotational temperature of lower states. This effect can be used to consider the initial state of

{normalN}_{2}^{+} false(normalB - normalX false)

emission in a plasma . Figure shows simulated and measured spectra of neutral and ionised molecular nitrogen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect can be used to consider the initial state of N þ 2 ðB À XÞ emission in a plasma. [4,13,14] Figure 6 shows simulated and measured spectra of neutral and ionised molecular nitrogen. These spectra show that the rotational temperature of neutral and ionised nitrogen molecules in the electric scalpel plasma is FIGURE 5 Temporary averaged emission spectrum of the plasma applied on tissue substitute, on a thin slice of porcine kidney and under normal conditions on the surface of porcine kidney.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical, optical and spectroscopic characterisation of a radio frequency discharge used for electrosurgical cutting

Bürger

Bibinov

Neugebauer

et al. 2017

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Electric scalpels are used for cutting of biological tissue, for example, for resection of tumour tissue in surgery. During the electrosurgical procedure a plasma is ignited in a gap between the electric scalpel and the tissue. In this study, the plasma operated on porcine kidney and a tissue substitute (cellulose impregnated with isotonic saline) is characterised by means of voltage‐current measurements, microphotography, optical emission spectroscopy and numerical simulation. The molecular emission of nitrogen is used for the determination of the gas temperature and the reduced electric field. The electron density is determined using the measured electric current density.

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“…The applied interference filter is optimized to measure the emission of the second positive system of molecular nitrogen (N 2 (C‐B,0–2)). The ICCD camera with the interference filter is calibrated with a microwave plasma light source operated in air flow and a calibrated spectrometer …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐plasmoids in self organized filamentary dielectric barrier discharges

Engelhardt

Kogelheide

Stapelmann

et al. 2016

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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A filamentary dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is ignited on a silicon wafer under atmospheric pressure conditions in a mixture of argon and air (0.5/0.5) in two different modes, namely a stochastically ignited filamentary discharge and a self‐organized filamentary discharge by the application of high voltage (HV) pulses at two repetition frequencies, 0.5 and 5 kHz. The discharge conditions are characterized by optical emission spectroscopy and current–voltage measurements. The silicon wafer surface treated with the DBD is studied with an electron microscope. The formation of a homogeneous silicon oxide layer is observed after treatment under a stochastically filamentary DBD. Whereas, in the self‐organized filamentary DBD, etching tracks (thin channels) and blisters are produced on the silicon wafer surface, which are interpreted as tracks of plasmoids, namely plasma objects without any direct contact to a power supply. The transition between the different filamentary modes of the DBD plasma occurs in the presented study through an increase of the repetition frequency of HV pulses, but it can also be caused by small silicon splinters on the wafer surface. The splinters cause ignitions in stable positions, and therefore induce a combination of discharge modes, namely stochastically and self‐organized DBD mode. In close proximity to the splinters, tracks of plasmoids are observed, even in the DBD at low frequency.

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Space-resolved characterization of high frequency atmospheric-pressure plasma in nitrogen, applying optical emission spectroscopy and numerical simulation

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Characterization of transient discharges under atmospheric-pressure conditions applying nitrogen photoemission and current measurements

Characterization of transient discharges under atmospheric-pressure conditions applying nitrogen photoemission and current measurements

Electrical, optical and spectroscopic characterisation of a radio frequency discharge used for electrosurgical cutting

Micro‐plasmoids in self organized filamentary dielectric barrier discharges

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