Space strategy and governance of ESA small member states

Sagath, D.; Papadimitriou, Angeliki; Adriaensen, Maarten; Giannopapa, Christina

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.09.029

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Tradicionalmente, são os ministérios da ciência e da educação os responsáveis pelas atividades espaciais relacionadas com a ESA -como é o caso de Portugal, através da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) -podendo outro(s) ministério(s) desempenhar responsabilidades secundárias, habitualmente os ministérios da economia, indústria ou inovação, mas também do ambiente, energia, transporte, telecomunicações ou defesa (Giannopapa et al, 2016, 181;Sagath et al, 2019, 45). Importa referir, a título de ilustração, que enquanto são os ministérios da defesa e da educação os responsáveis pelo programa espacial francês, nenhum dos onze Estados Membros mais pequenos enquadra essa responsabilidade no ministério da defesa (Sagath et al, 2018).…”

Section: Combate Direto Virado Essencialmente Para Lesteunclassified

União Europeia como Ator Internacional: : Paz e Segurança nas Narrativas e Práticas

Freire¹,

Nascimento²

2022

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Este volume analisa a União Europeia como ator internacional, focando na sua atuação na área da paz e da segurança. Num contexto internacional onde os desafios à paz e segurança são diversos, incluindo o atual contexto de guerra na Ucrânia, este volume contextualiza teoricamente a UE nos estudos de paz e segurança, trabalha a dimensão institucional, e interpreta as narrativas e políticas aqui implicadas. Um conjunto de estudos de caso ilustrativos procurarão refletir sobre as dinâmicas de paz e segurança no quadro da UE e das suas ações/intervenções, como por exemplo na Parceria a Leste ou nas relações com a Rússia, e em contextos como o de crescente desinformação ou através da sua presença numa missão no terreno.

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Section: Combate Direto Virado Essencialmente Para Lesteunclassified

União Europeia como Ator Internacional: : Paz e Segurança nas Narrativas e Práticas

Freire¹,

Nascimento²

2022

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“…It identifies small members states (with ESA annual contribution below 60 million EUR), medium-sized member states (with ESA annual contribution up to 200 million EUR), and large member states (with contribution above 200 million EUR). The categorisation is based on contribution to ESA in absolute numbers, not relative to the member states' GDP (e.g., [7]).…”

Section: Research Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been a few systematic efforts to facilitate the understanding of exchange and coordination of national space strategies and programmes (e.g., [3,4]), including studies on European space policy development (e.g., [5,6]). In recent years ESA has contributed to this understanding by developing a methodology to track the national space policies of its member states and collaborating states, which, partly in collaboration with Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU Amsterdam) resulted in a number of practitioner publications [7][8][9][10]. These publications include two executive studies, referred to as the 'Countries Overview: Info Notes on Member States', which present a guideline for understanding the complexity of the ESA member states' national space strategies, policies or governance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of national space governance and policy trends in member states of the European Space Agency

et al. 2019

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“…In the case of ESA, a multitude of national interests need to be accounted for in the running of the institution and in day-to-day routine. 1 The funds spent by the agencies typically are distributed to a great extend among a few long-established suppliers. In the case of ESA, 85% of the budget in 2017 was distributed to European industry, but only ∼6% was distributed to SMEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion thrusters for electric propulsion: Scientific issues developing a niche technology into a game changer

Holste

Dietz

Scharmann

et al. 2020

Review of Scientific Instruments

135

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The transition from OLD SPACE to NEW SPACE along with increasing commercialization has a major impact on space flight, in general, and on electric propulsion (EP) by ion thrusters, in particular. Ion thrusters are nowadays used as primary propulsion systems in space. This article describes how these changes related to NEW SPACE affect various aspects that are important for the development of EP systems. Starting with a historical overview of the development of space flight and of the technology of EP systems, a number of important missions with EP and the underlying technologies are presented. The focus of our discussion is the technology of the radio frequency ion thruster as a prominent member of the gridded ion engine family. Based on this discussion, we give an overview of important research topics such as the search for alternative propellants, the development of reliable neutralizer concepts based on novel insert materials, as well as promising neutralizer-free propulsion concepts. In addition, aspects of thruster modeling and requirements for test facilities are discussed. Furthermore, we address aspects of space electronics with regard to the development of highly efficient electronic components as well as aspects of electromagnetic compatibility and radiation hardness. This article concludes with a presentation of the interaction of EP systems with the spacecraft.

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Space strategy and governance of ESA small member states

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

União Europeia como Ator Internacional: : Paz e Segurança nas Narrativas e Práticas

União Europeia como Ator Internacional: : Paz e Segurança nas Narrativas e Práticas

Development of national space governance and policy trends in member states of the European Space Agency

Ion thrusters for electric propulsion: Scientific issues developing a niche technology into a game changer

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