Spain's development of rural credit cooperatives from 1900 to 1936: the role of financial resources and formal education

Martínez-Soto, Ángel Pascual; Martínez-Rodríguez, Susana; Méndez, Ildefonso

doi:10.1093/ereh/hes010

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Various cliometric studies have employed human capital (measured by the illiteracy rate) and social capital (measured differently in each study) to explain the uneven spread of cooperatives (O'Rourke 2007a, Beltrán-Tapia 2012Martínez-Soto et al 2012;Fernández 2014a, Garrido 2014. This approach has also been used in Table 3, where illiteracy indicates the illiteracy rate in 1910.…”

Section: Wine Cooperatives In Pre-193spain: Hypotheses and Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality and conflict as drivers of cooperation: the location of wine cooperatives in pre-1936 Spain

Garrido

2020

Cliometrica

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As it is usually believed that cooperatives made a great contribution to the modernisation of agriculture and when they began to spread agriculture still had a great weight in European economies, it is of interest to know why agricultural cooperatives had uneven success, both from one crop to another and between and within countries. In this article, I focus on the intriguing case of wine, a product of great importance to Mediterranean Europe. After defending that, in actual fact, wine cooperatives were generally unable to offer members important economic advantages; I argue that they only flourished where some 'local' factor increased the attraction of belonging to them and, in addition, it was possible to finance their construction. I use what happened in France as a reference and show that in Spain both circumstances only converged in (a part of) Catalonia, as a paradoxical result of inequality and the social conflicts caused by a sharecropping contract called rabassa morta.

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Section: Wine Cooperatives In Pre-193spain: Hypotheses and Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality and conflict as drivers of cooperation: the location of wine cooperatives in pre-1936 Spain

Garrido

2020

Cliometrica

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“…Facilitated by an agrarian syndicate law of 1906 and tax exemption rules, in the time between 1906 and 1933 more than 9000 agrarian syndicates were established in all over Spain, including common land and irrigation communities and various organizations providing mutual assistance, the acquisition of cheaper inputs, machinery and credit, the diffusion of new technology, production methods and processing facilities (Tapia, 2012: 511;Cervantes and Fernandes, 2008). These syndicates were often orchestrated by the Catholic Church in an attempt to reconcile capitalist developments with moral principles and supported by a system of cajas rurales, rural banks (Martinez-Soto et al, 2012).…”

Section: The Long-standing Historical Legacymentioning

confidence: 99%

From dissent to resistance: Locating patterns of horizontalist self-management crisis responses in Spain

Wigger

2016

Comp Eur Polit

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In response to the EU-wide austerity politics, large numbers of people took to the streets, occupied central squares, held popular assemblies, and participated in strikes or acts of civil disobedience. Scholarly attention has predominantly focused on the disruptive event politics of short-lived mass protests. Considerably less attention has been paid to the coagulation of structures of resistance that take shape as concrete praxis-oriented activities, frequently involving a transformation of the social relations of production, such as in the case of the solidarity economy. Cooperatives and other horizontally organized and democratically run self-management economic practices have expanded considerably in Spain since the outbreak of the crisis. Moreover, new alliances among different solidarity economy initiatives have been formed, creating an ever-denser network structure. Drawing on a historical materialist perspective, and engaging with anarchist principles and organizational logics, this article locates the agents, structures and contradictions in the formation of resistance in the Spanish context, and seeks to grasp the transformative potential of the solidarity economy as part of a wider political struggle for an alternative future.

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“…(Rural credit cooperatives are associations that provided financial services in rural areas.) 16 The network of granaries was the main source of credit for small farmers. At this time, there were approximately four million people active in the agrarian workforce.…”

Section: T H E G R a N A R I E S : E X T E N D I N G T H E S U P P mentioning

confidence: 99%

Granaries (pósitos): a source of finance for Spain's small farmers, 1900–1950

Trescastro-López

Martínez-Rodríguez

2015

Cont. Change

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Under the Ancien Régime in Spain local granaries (in Spanish, pósitos) acted as welfare institutions designed to help small farmers in times of crisis. During the first third of the twentieth century they were subject to an intense reorganisation in Spain and this transformed them into the only microfinance institution to which a significant part of the country's rural population had access. However, as the granaries were beginning to get their finances in order, the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) and the ensuing change in political regime meant that from 1950 onwards they found themselves relegated to the financial margins. The longevity of the granaries makes them an interesting example of a type of financial institution that was able to adapt to different political regimes by changing the way they operated while maintaining their core objective of supporting small farmers.

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Spain's development of rural credit cooperatives from 1900 to 1936: the role of financial resources and formal education

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Inequality and conflict as drivers of cooperation: the location of wine cooperatives in pre-1936 Spain

Inequality and conflict as drivers of cooperation: the location of wine cooperatives in pre-1936 Spain

From dissent to resistance: Locating patterns of horizontalist self-management crisis responses in Spain

Granaries (pósitos): a source of finance for Spain's small farmers, 1900–1950

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