Spanish Adaptation and Validation of the Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale

Abstract

(1) Background: The aim of this study is to obtain an instrument, with robust psychometric properties validated with a Spanish sample, that allows for the evaluation of the emotional and behavioural adjustment of children, as well as the perceived ability of parents to manage their children’s problems. (2) Methods: Data from 2618 Spanish parents of 2–12-year-old children were used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale. In order to develop the intensity scale, exploratory and confirmatory analyses were carried out, and the reliability, validity, and invariance of the measurement model were estimated. (3) Results: A structure of 25 items grouped into two factors are shown, which allows for the evaluation of emotional and behavioural problems and children’s competencies. The model adjustment indicators were satisfactory. Favourable evidence was obtained for the reliability of the measurement model from two perspectives, internal consistency and composite reliability. The discriminant validity was satisfactory, as was the homogeneity of the measurement model based on child gender. Regarding the self-efficacy scale, confirmatory analysis procedures were also carried out, verifying a good factorial structure. (4) Conclusions: Results support a scale with robust psychometric properties that measure child adjustment and parent self-efficacy. The instrument can help to improve family effectiveness and be useful for schools and teachers to promote the well-being of children. The instrument could also be good to evaluate in special contexts, like custody evaluations in a legal or forensic context.

Adaptation of the Coparenting Relationship Scale Questionnaire to Spanish Parents with Offspring

“…Parental Efficacy Scale (CAPES). It was built by Morawska et al [58] and adapted with sound psychometric properties for the Spanish population by Seijo et al [59]. The scale comprises 25 items grouped into two factors: Child's Competencies (10 items) and Behavioral and Emotional Problems (15 items).…”

“…Convergent and discriminant validity were analyzed using different estimators. On the one hand, it was examined on the basis of the correlation between the factors of the CRS-S Eg-S&D and the factors of the PAFAS [57] and CAPES [59] questionnaires. This was performed independently for the total sample and for each marital status.…”

Vivencia de la parentalidad: Diagnóstico de la parentalidad experimentada e intensidad de sentimientos

“…Revista de Investigación en Educación Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES. Morawska, et al, 2014, en la adaptación a la población española realizada por Seijo et al, 2021). Mide el ajuste conductual y emocional del niño, y consta de 25 ítems (27 ítems en su escala original) calificados en una escala Likert de 4 puntos (0-3, nunca le pasa-le pasa la mayoría de las veces o siempre), y que componen 2 escalas, Competencias del niño (CP 1 ) (10 ítems positivos; α=,94), y Problemas emocionales y conductuales (CP 2 ) (15 ítems negativos; α=,84).…”