Sparicotyle chrysophrii experimental infection of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata): Establishment of an in vivo model reproducing the pathological outcomes of sparicotylosis

Riera-Ferrer, Enrique; Pozo, R. del; Piazzon, M. Carla; Sitjà‐Bobadilla, Ariadna; Estensoro, Itziar; Palenzuela, Oswaldo

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739588

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Meaningfully, goblet cell hyperplasia occurred after the first month of parasite challenge once infective oncomiracidia, post-larvae, and juveniles of S. chrysophrii turned into the more pathogenic adult worm stages, which was in agreement with the previous observations ( 39 ). At 32 dpe, the highest adult stage infection intensity reached 112.8 ± 43.62, with each adult worm bearing 2 rows of up to 72 clamps (personal observation).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The main clinical sign during sparicotylosis is anemia, which is caused by the hematophagous nature of a parasite ( 32 , 39 , 50 ). Furthermore, the parasite’s attaching mechanism to the gill filament through specialized clamps in its opisthaptor region ( 51 ) inflicts evident histopathological lesions such as lamellar synechiae and clubbing, resulting in disruption of the epithelium and marginal blood vessels ( 50 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the current S. chrysophii -infected fish had developed epitheliocystis at the later sampling point. Sparicotyle chrysophrii and epitheliocystis co-infection in gilthead seabream are common under farm and experimental conditions ( 39 , 50 , 54 ), and its specific bacterial etiology was a matter of discussion until recently ( 43 , 55 , 56 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along the whole experiment, sea water was 5 μm-filtered and UV-irradiated, salinity was 37.5‰, oxygen saturation was kept above 85%, and unionized ammonia below 0.02 mg·L −1 . Sparicotyle chrysophrii experimental infection was carried out as previously described by Riera-Ferrer et al ( 39 ). In brief, randomly selected recipient fish (R; n = 25; initial mean weight 138.40 g ± 22,84 SD) were allocated in a 200 L tank in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) connected to a tank with S. chrysophrii -infected donor fish.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mucosal affairs: glycosylation and expression changes of gill goblet cells and mucins in a fish–polyopisthocotylidan interaction

Riera-Ferrer,

Del Pozo,

Muñoz-Berruezo

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionSecreted mucins are highly O-glycosylated glycoproteins produced by goblet cells in mucosal epithelia. They constitute the protective viscous gel layer overlying the epithelia and are involved in pathogen recognition, adhesion and expulsion. The gill polyopisthocotylidan ectoparasite Sparicotyle chrysophrii, feeds on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) blood eliciting severe anemia.MethodsControl unexposed and recipient (R) gill samples of gilthead seabream experimentally infected with S. chrysophrii were obtained at six consecutive times (0, 11, 20, 32, 41, and 61 days post-exposure (dpe)). In histological samples, goblet cell numbers and their intensity of lectin labelling was registered. Expression of nine mucin genes (muc2, muc2a, muc2b, muc5a/c, muc4, muc13, muc18, muc19, imuc) and three regulatory factors involved in goblet cell differentiation (hes1, elf3, agr2) was studied by qPCR. In addition, differential expression of glycosyltransferases and glycosidases was analyzed in silico from previously obtained RNAseq datasets of S. chrysophrii-infected gilthead seabream gills with two different infection intensities.Results and DiscussionIncreased goblet cell differentiation (up-regulated elf3 and agr2) leading to neutral goblet cell hyperplasia on gill lamellae of R fish gills was found from 32 dpe on, when adult parasite stages were first detected. At this time point, acute increased expression of both secreted (muc2a, muc2b, muc5a/c) and membrane-bound mucins (imuc, muc4, muc18) occurred in R gills. Mucins did not acidify during the course of infection, but their glycosylation pattern varied towards more complex glycoconjugates with sialylated, fucosylated and branched structures, according to lectin labelling and the shift of glycosyltransferase expression patterns. Gilthead seabream gill mucosal response against S. chrysophrii involved neutral mucus hypersecretion, which could contribute to worm expulsion and facilitate gas exchange to counterbalance parasite-induced hypoxia. Stress induced by the sparicotylosis condition seems to lead to changes in glycosylation characteristic of more structurally complex mucins.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mucosal affairs: glycosylation and expression changes of gill goblet cells and mucins in a fish–polyopisthocotylidan interaction

Riera-Ferrer,

Del Pozo,

Muñoz-Berruezo

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gilthead seabream experimentally infected with S. chrysophrii were maintained in the Fish Pathology facilities at the Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal under natural photoperiod and temperature conditions of the latitude (40°5’N; 0°10’E). The experimental infection was performed in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) where recipient S. aurata received water effluent from infected donor S. aurata tanks, and the infective pressure within the system and the experimental units was modulated using egg collectors [ 31 ]. Infected fish ( n = 5) were euthanised by tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) overexposure (0.1 g · L −1 ) and bled from the caudal vessels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inside out journey: biogenesis, ultrastructure and proteomic characterisation of the ectoparasitic flatworm Sparicotyle chrysophrii extracellular vesicles

Riera-Ferrer,

Mazanec,

Mladineo

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Helminth extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to have a three-way communication function among parasitic helminths, their host and the host-associated microbiota. They are considered biological containers that may carry virulence factors, being therefore appealing as therapeutic and prophylactic target candidates. This study aims to describe and characterise EVs secreted by Sparicotyle chrysophrii (Polyopisthocotyla: Microcotylidae), a blood-feeding gill parasite of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), causing significant economic losses in Mediterranean aquaculture. Methods To identify proteins involved in extracellular vesicle biogenesis, genomic datasets from S. chrysophrii were mined in silico using known protein sequences from Clonorchis spp., Echinococcus spp., Fasciola spp., Fasciolopsis spp., Opisthorchis spp., Paragonimus spp. and Schistosoma spp. The location and ultrastructure of EVs were visualised by transmission electron microscopy after fixing adult S. chrysophrii specimens by high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution. EVs were isolated and purified from adult S. chrysophrii (n = 200) using a newly developed ultracentrifugation-size-exclusion chromatography protocol for Polyopisthocotyla, and EVs were characterised via nanoparticle tracking analysis and tandem mass spectrometry. Results Fifty-nine proteins involved in EV biogenesis were identified in S. chrysophrii, and EVs compatible with ectosomes were observed in the syncytial layer of the haptoral region lining the clamps. The isolated and purified nanoparticles had a mean size of 251.8 nm and yielded 1.71 × 108 particles · mL−1. The protein composition analysis identified proteins related to peptide hydrolases, GTPases, EF-hand domain proteins, aerobic energy metabolism, anticoagulant/lipid-binding, haem detoxification, iron transport, EV biogenesis-related, vesicle-trafficking and other cytoskeletal-related proteins. Several identified proteins, such as leucyl and alanyl aminopeptidases, calpain, ferritin, dynein light chain, 14–3–3, heat shock protein 70, annexin, tubulin, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, enolase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, have already been proposed as target candidates for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes. Conclusions We have unambiguously demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge the secretion of EVs by an ectoparasitic flatworm, inferring their biogenesis machinery at a genomic and transcriptomic level, and by identifying their location and protein composition. The identification of multiple therapeutic targets among EVs' protein repertoire provides opportunities for target-based drug discovery and vaccine development for the first time in Polyopisthocotyla (sensu Monogenea), and in a fish-ectoparasite model. Graphical Abstract

show abstract

Molecular interactions in an holobiont-pathogen model: Integromics in gilthead seabream infected with Sparicotyle chrysophrii

Toxqui-Rodríguez,

Riera-Ferrer,

Del Pozo

et al. 2024

Aquaculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sparicotyle chrysophrii experimental infection of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata): Establishment of an in vivo model reproducing the pathological outcomes of sparicotylosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 69 publications

Mucosal affairs: glycosylation and expression changes of gill goblet cells and mucins in a fish–polyopisthocotylidan interaction

Mucosal affairs: glycosylation and expression changes of gill goblet cells and mucins in a fish–polyopisthocotylidan interaction

An inside out journey: biogenesis, ultrastructure and proteomic characterisation of the ectoparasitic flatworm Sparicotyle chrysophrii extracellular vesicles

Molecular interactions in an holobiont-pathogen model: Integromics in gilthead seabream infected with Sparicotyle chrysophrii

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About