Spark plasma welding joining of copper- AISI4140 steel: Microstructures and mechanical properties

Naderi, Mehdi; Toroghinejad, Mohammad Reza; Kermanpur, Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21364

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The selected bonding pressure was set from 27 to 45 MPa, according to the literature review, where some works indicated optimal initial pressures around 25 MPa [19]. On the other side, as shown by Naderi et al in Ref [20], for Cu steel joints, a pressure of 40 MPa achives enough plastic deformation, at this bonding temperature, to enhance the metallic contact. However, our FAST equipment allows only for force variation in 1 kN steps from 2 kN to 50 kN.…”

Section: Joining By Field-assisted Sintering Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural, thermophysical properties, as well as tensile and Charpy impact tests conducted in this investigation, underscored that W–Cu laminates produced via FAST processing are comparable to those obtained through diffusion bonding. M. Naderi et al [ 20 ] conducted investigations on the interaction between steel and copper, characterizing the microstructures and mechanical properties of Cu-AISI4140 steel solid-state joints created through spark plasma welding. Their examination included a comparative analysis of the process with and without a mold, revealing a notable reduction in unjoined areas and the formation of micropores confined at the joining interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring FAST Technique for Diffusion Bonding of Tungsten to EUROFERE97 in DEMO First Wall

Sánchez,

de Prado,

Izaguirre

et al. 2024

Materials

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The European Fusion Reactor (DEMO, Demonstration Power Plant) relies significantly on joining technologies in its design. Current research within the EUROfusion framework focuses on developing materials for the first wall and divertor applications, emphasizing the need for suitable joining processes, particularly for tungsten. The electric field-assisted sintering technique (FAST) emerges as a promising alternative due to its high current density, enabling rapid heating and cooling rates for fast sintering or joining. In this study, FAST was employed to join tungsten and EUROFERE97 steel, the chosen materials for the first wall, using 50-µm-thick Cu foils as interlayers. Three distinct joining conditions were tested at 980 °C for 2, 5, and 9 min at 41.97 MPa to optimize joint properties and assess FAST parameters influence. Hardness measurements revealed values around 450 HV0.1 for tungsten, 100 HV0.1 for copper, and 390 HV0.1 for EUROFER97 under all joining conditions. Increasing bonding time improved joint continuity along the EUROFER97/Cu and W/Cu interfaces. Notably, the 5 min bonding time resulted in the highest shear strength, while the 9 min sample exhibited reduced strength, possibly due to Kirkendall porosity accumulation at the EUROFER97/Cu interface. This porosity facilitated crack initiation and propagation, diminishing interfacial adhesion properties.

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Section: Joining By Field-assisted Sintering Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%