1969
DOI: 10.3171/jns.1969.31.3.0323
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Spasmodic Torticollis: Results after Cervical Rhizotomy in 50 Cases

Abstract: PASMODIC torticollis is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by uncontrollable clonic or intermittently tonic spasm of various neck muscles, producing bizarre, variable head postures. The condition apparently is usually caused by striatal disease or is a localized fragment of a more generalized dystonic process. Although the disorder is commonly believed to be psychogenic, in our experience this etiology has been very rare. Considerable effort has been directed toward attacking the syndrome by producing lesi… Show more

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Cited by 49 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…The most satisfactory is section of the an terior roots of Cl, C2 and C3 bilaterally, with intradural section of both spinal accessory nerves [4,7,9,10]. Patients with severe torticollis may also have the C4 root interrupted only on the side of the greater involvement [10,12].…”
Section: Anterior Root and Spinal Accessory Nerve Sectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The most satisfactory is section of the an terior roots of Cl, C2 and C3 bilaterally, with intradural section of both spinal accessory nerves [4,7,9,10]. Patients with severe torticollis may also have the C4 root interrupted only on the side of the greater involvement [10,12].…”
Section: Anterior Root and Spinal Accessory Nerve Sectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The most prevalent surgical treatment is that of section of the upper cervical anterior roots and the spinal accessory nerves, as intro duced by Dandy [3] in 1930. Although many patients have benefited from this procedure [6,8,10,12,[15][16][17], the results are inconsistent. Side effects include swallowing difficulties and weakness of arm raising, and there is a mortality rate from impairment of brain stem function.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…Unfortunately, this can be distressing be cause of large areas of anesthesia over the neck and back of the head. The efferent limb of the arc might also be interrupted, and this is the basis for procedures originated by D andy [3], later modified by Wycis and Gildenberg [15][16][17] and reported by Sorensen and Hamby [12], and H amby and Scheffer [6] in which the anterior roots of Q , C2 and C3 are interrupted bilaterally (and sometimes C4 unilaterally), as well as either an intradural or extraspinal section of the spinal accessory nerves bilaterally.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hamby and Schiffer [2] reported dysphagia in 15 (32%) of 50 patients following rhizotomy and related it 'to the loss of reflex lifting of the head at the initiation of the movement'. While this may have been a factor in 1 patient operated on for retrocollis, it could hardly be the cause in the other patient who underwent unilateral ramicectomy.…”
Section: Commentsmentioning
confidence: 99%