1965
DOI: 10.1001/jama.194.7.706
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Spasmodic torticollis. Results in 71 surgically treated patients

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1979
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Cited by 10 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Because the surgical techniques and the validated rating scale were not yet standardized, the efficacy and safety of the procedure varied among subsequent studies. [ 15 , 27 ] Friedman et al . again refined the technique, using electrical stimulation to selectively section the intradural upper three cervical anterior roots and the rootlets of the SAN, mediating SCM muscle contraction.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Because the surgical techniques and the validated rating scale were not yet standardized, the efficacy and safety of the procedure varied among subsequent studies. [ 15 , 27 ] Friedman et al . again refined the technique, using electrical stimulation to selectively section the intradural upper three cervical anterior roots and the rootlets of the SAN, mediating SCM muscle contraction.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 19 ] The McKenzie-Dandy operation has been abandoned following a report associating it with an increased risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, swallowing difficulties (dysphagia), vascular injuries, phrenic or trapezius paralysis, and neck instability. [ 6 - 8 , 12 , 27 ]…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Since then, several mainly retrospective, open-label clinical trials have been performed [83][84][85][86][87]. Patients selected have been refractory to medication and then botulinum toxin once it was available.…”
Section: Selective Peripheral Denervationmentioning
confidence: 99%