“…Several studies have shown the widespread use and popularity of GIS applications with lightning data (Ali et al, 2018;Biswas et al, 2020;Edirisinghe & Maduranga, 2021;Farukh et al, 2017;Hodanish et al, 2019;Javor et al, 2018;Mammadov et al, 2021;Mishra et al, 2022;Misztal & Siłuch, 2021). However, due to the limitation of information provided by the commercially available LLS, utility found it difficult to work, especially on finding the root cause and correlation of tripping with some other factors such as topography and weather data, thus limiting the research on utilizing GIS for transmission lines' lightning performance evaluation.…”