Spatial and socioeconomic inequalities in the access to safe drinking water in Peruvian households

Al‐kassab‐Córdova, Ali; Silva-Perez, Claudia; Robles-Valcarcel, Pamela; Bendezú-Quispe, Guido; Ortiz, Amado Insfrán; Benítes-Zapata, Vicente A.

doi:10.2166/wh.2023.316

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…For example, in Haiti, a study used geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze spatial determinants and identify priority locations for cholera prevention interventions ( 17 ). In Peru, several studies have used spatial analysis to assess socioeconomic inequalities and analyze the spatial distribution of childhood diarrhea, providing important suggestions for improving the planning and effectiveness of public health interventions ( 18 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space–time distribution of intestinal infectious diseases and their association with socioeconomic variables in Ecuador

Lalangui,

Cotera-Mantilla,

Sánchez-Murillo

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundIntestinal infectious diseases are a global concern in terms of morbidity, and they are closely linked to socioeconomic variables such as quality of life, weather and access to healthcare services. Despite progress in spatial analysis tools and geographic information systems in epidemiology, studies in Ecuador that evaluate temporal trends, specific geographic groups, and their correlation with socioeconomic variables are lacking. The absence of such information makes it challenging to formulate public health policies. This study sought to identify the spatial and temporal patterns of these diseases in Ecuador, along with their correlation with socioeconomic variables.MethodsIn Ecuador, the study was carried out in a continental territory, focusing on data related to intestinal infectious diseases collected from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos) during the period from 2014 to 2019. This study involved spatial and temporal analyses using tools such as the global Moran’s index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association to identify spatial clustering patterns and autocorrelation. Additionally, correlations between morbidity rates and socioeconomic variables were examined.ResultsDuring the investigated period, Ecuador registered 209,668 cases of these diseases. Notable variations in case numbers were identified, with a 9.2% increase in 2019 compared to the previous year. The most impacted group was children under 5 years old, and the highest rates were centered in the southern and southwestern regions of the country, with Limón Indanza and Chunchi being the cantons with the highest rates, notably showing a significant increase in Limón Indanza. Additionally, there were significant correlations between morbidity rates and socioeconomic variables, school dropout rates, low birth weight, and access to water services.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the importance of considering socioeconomic variables when addressing these diseases in Ecuador. Understanding these correlations and geospatial trends can guide the development of health policies and specific intervention programs to reduce the incidence in identified high-risk areas. More specific research is needed to understand the underlying causes of variability in morbidity and develop effective prevention strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space–time distribution of intestinal infectious diseases and their association with socioeconomic variables in Ecuador

Lalangui,

Cotera-Mantilla,

Sánchez-Murillo

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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Geospatial distribution of unimproved water source and sanitation facilities in Ethiopia: evidence from the latest demographic and health survey (2019)

Azanaw,

Melese,

Melaku

2025

Sci Rep

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Are Peruvians moving toward healthier diets with lower environmental burden? Household consumption trends for the period 2008–2021

Sanchez‐Matos,

Vázquez‐Rowe,

Kahhat

2024

J of Industrial Ecology

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Peru is one of the most diverse countries in the world in terms of food production, but also suffers a wide range of food security challenges, including malnutrition, the impact of natural hazards, and rising food prices. People living in poverty conditions are the main victims of these problems, which trigger undernutrition, obesity, and diet‐related non‐transmittable diseases. Despite these challenges, Peru lacks historical food intake data. Therefore, in the current study, we assess the diet quality evolution in the period 2008–2021 based on apparent household purchases extracted from the National Household Survey. The results reveal significant variations in the consumption of certain food items and groups, and the consequences of these changes are discussed in environmental and human health terms. The consumption of lower environmental impact animal protein, such as chicken, eggs, and marine fish, has increased by 37%, 69%, and 29%, respectively; whereas the consumption of high environmental impact foods, such as beef and other red meat, has decreased. Moreover, consumption of less processed carbohydrate sources (e.g., legumes, fruits, and vegetables) has risen, while refined sugar and sugar‐sweetened beverages have decreased significantly (almost 45%). Regional differences were also visible; hence, cities on the Northern coast and the Amazon basin had similar consumption habits, whereas Central/Southern coastal and Andean cities had closer consumption patterns. On average, this improvement was reflected in the increase in calories (9.9%) and macronutrient intake (up to 15%), but at the socioeconomic level, food inequality persists, with consumption of many food groups below minimum thresholds in lower socioeconomic strata. This article met the requirements for a gold/gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

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Spatial and socioeconomic inequalities in the access to safe drinking water in Peruvian households

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Space–time distribution of intestinal infectious diseases and their association with socioeconomic variables in Ecuador

Space–time distribution of intestinal infectious diseases and their association with socioeconomic variables in Ecuador

Geospatial distribution of unimproved water source and sanitation facilities in Ethiopia: evidence from the latest demographic and health survey (2019)

Are Peruvians moving toward healthier diets with lower environmental burden? Household consumption trends for the period 2008–2021

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