Spatial and Temporal Hydrodynamic Variations of Flow in the Karst Vadose Zone (Rustrel, France) in Function of Depth and Fracturing Density

Barbel-Périneau, Aurore; Emblanch, Christophe; Danquigny, Charles

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17435-3_2

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Flows C and GAS show the lowest values along U2 and thus reflect fast water circulation down to the drip water point. These results are consistent with previous ones obtained by Garry et al (2008) and Barbel-Perineau et al (2015). The mean value of the coordinate along U2 will be the third criterion used for hierarchical clustering of flows.…”

Section: Discrimination From Residence Time Using U2supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Typology of the flows was undertaken by Garry et al 2008 based on a reduced dataset (only five active flow points during this 3-year monitoring). Subsequent study (Barbel-Perineau et al 2015) benefited from monitoring of up to 45 flow points due to wet conditions during hydrological year 2008-2009. Qualitative analysis led to a three-class typology based on flow duration.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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Karst flow processes explored through analysis of long-term unsaturated-zone discharge hydrochemistry: a 10-year study in Rustrel, France

et al. 2019

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The unsaturated zone of karst aquifers influences the dynamics and the chemistry of water. Because of a lack of direct access, other than via caves, flows in the aquifer matrix and the smallest conduits remain poorly characterized. The few artificial underground structures in the unsaturated karst provide a rare opportunity to study the variety of flow processes. At the low noise underground research laboratory (Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit, LSBB) in Rustrel (France), 12 variables (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, major anions and cations, total organic carbon) have been monitored on 12 perennial or temporary flows and leakages over a 10-year period covering contrasting climatic periods. This unique dataset of 1,135 samples has been used to discriminate, identify, and rank the processes associated with the hydrochemical variability of these different types of flows. A principal component analysis and a hierarchical cluster analysis, using mean values and standard deviation of the flow along the principal components, were performed. The results indicate that seasonal variability, mean water residence time, and the depth of acquisition of the chemical characteristics are the main factors of the variability of chemistry at the monitored flow points. Distinguished clusters highlight the great diversity of flows and processes occurring in the fine pathways that may be neighboring the large and structured fractures and conduits. Long-term monitoring with various climatic conditions appears to be a useful tool for assessing this diversity.

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Section: Discrimination From Residence Time Using U2supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Karst flow processes explored through analysis of long-term unsaturated-zone discharge hydrochemistry: a 10-year study in Rustrel, France

et al. 2019

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“…The LSBB tunnel penetrates the karst medium and the faults network, intersecting some flow paths through the unsaturated zone. Consequently, about forty water flow points have been identified all over the laboratory at different depths from about 30 to about 440 m (Garry et al 2008;Barbel-Perineau et al 2015;Ollivier et al 2015). Three of them are perennial while the others present much contrasted behaviours, reflecting the complexity of the FdV hydrosystem (Garry et al 2008;Ollivier et al 2015) and the difficulty to globally assess water transfers from surface to the FdV outlet.…”

Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on fractures deformation from tiltmeter data measured inside the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system

et al. 2016

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Tilt fluctuations can potentially reflect the response of hydrosystems to important rainfall. In this context, long baseline tiltmeters have been installed in an underground tunnel penetrating the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst to study the medium deformation related to solicitations exerted by water infiltrating the hydrosystem. The instruments monitor the tilt as well as its spatial variation. Northward tilts reaching a 1 µrad amplitude are observed consecutively to rainfalls. The tilt amplitude is highly correlated with the Fontaine de Vaucluse outlet flow fluctuations. The measured tilt signal is also relatively homogeneous over a 150 m length. Different types of structure likely to produce such observations are tested in order to identify their location with respect to the tiltmeters, their dimension as well as the amount of water level variation in the structure. Following rainfalls, the infiltration of water modifies the pore pressure, inducing a medium deformation. The hypothesis of a homogeneous surface loading on the Vaucluse plateau is first refuted since the related tilt is much lower than the one measured. The water supplied by rainfalls has to accumulate in discontinuities in order to generate a higher tilt. So, the deformation related to a pressure exerted on a fracture filled by water is assessed. A first study reveals the interest of the tilt homogeneity information that constrains strongly the fracture properties. Thus, the fracture must be located at a distance more than a few hundred metres from the tiltmeters in order to produce a tilt homogeneous in space. If the fracture is initially dry, it must also be filled on a height higher than 150 m consecutive to a rainfall in order to generate a tilt amplitude in the same magnitude as the one measured. Then, we explore the influence of water level variations on the tilt produced by a fracture located at the interface between the saturated and unsaturated zones, which are thereby permanently flooded. Since several parameters of that model satisfactorily explain the field observations, we discuss how simultaneous geodetical observations could provide complementary information that would further constrain the geometry of the structure at the origin of the medium deformation.

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Contribution of the ALBION Dynamic Analogue in Understanding the Diversity of Fluid Flows in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs. The Example of the LSBB Instrumented Site

Danquigny

Massonnat

Barbier³

et al. 2021

Day 2 Tue, November 16, 2021

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Carbonate reservoirs exhibit an extreme geological heterogeneity inducing a great diversity of fluids flows. Grasping the plurality of flows and the corresponding geological features require data scarcely available from subsurface hydrocarbons fields and even rarely acquired together on outcrop analogues. Among the different sites of the ALBION R&D project, the LSBB underground research laboratory provides outstanding access to both fractured limestone and groundwater dynamics through several experimental areas, including a 3.8 km long tunnel, which penetrates the Barremian-Aptian Urgonian formation to a maximum depth of 519 m. This paper gives an overview of the data acquired and the different works carried out on the LSBB site. From this synthesis, it draws lessons on the characterization of outcrop analogues and some insights for the modeling of fractured carbonate reservoirs. The quantity and diversity of the data acquired on the LSBB site allow: (i) the construction of nested multi-scale geological models, (ii) the comparison of measurements of different physical properties to better characterize the reservoir properties of the fractured rock, (iii) a multi-scale and multi-support approach to heterogeneity. Defining a common geological framework (facies model, rock type classification, inventory of structural objects, etc.) appears to be an essential step, possibly iterative, for the coupled interpretation of the various acquisitions and the extrapolation of results. Building a common geological model as a framework for interpretation help cross-fertilisation between geoscience domains. However, despite the huge amount of data, performing relevant and parsimonious rock typing remains a delicate exercise. This reminds us of the great uncertainties that can exist in establishing rules and concepts from limited data sets, such as those classically available for operational studies. Beyond the characterization of the depositional environment, the observations emphasize the importance of understanding the structural and diagenetic history, which leads to different rock types and current reservoir properties, to successfully define such a rock classification. Furthermore, the organization of flow paths within the fractured medium and its evolution over geologic time condition the processes of diagenesis and karstification. Hydrological processes and history must therefore be taken into account in this genetic reconstruction.

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Spatial and Temporal Hydrodynamic Variations of Flow in the Karst Vadose Zone (Rustrel, France) in Function of Depth and Fracturing Density

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Karst flow processes explored through analysis of long-term unsaturated-zone discharge hydrochemistry: a 10-year study in Rustrel, France

Karst flow processes explored through analysis of long-term unsaturated-zone discharge hydrochemistry: a 10-year study in Rustrel, France

New insights on fractures deformation from tiltmeter data measured inside the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system

Contribution of the ALBION Dynamic Analogue in Understanding the Diversity of Fluid Flows in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs. The Example of the LSBB Instrumented Site

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