Spatial and temporal properties of ?sustained? and ?transient? neurones in area 17 of the cat's visual cortex

Ikeda, Hisako; Wright, Michael J.

doi:10.1007/bf00234672

Cited by 125 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The extent of this range, about three octaves, is comparable to the range of receptive field sizes found by Hubel & Wiesel (1962) near the centre of gaze, 05 to 6 degrees. The range of simple cell selectivity peaks found by Ikeda & Wright (1975) in constant-temporal-frequency studies is 03-2-0 cycles/degree, with one additional cell peaking at 2-8 cycles/degree.…”

Section: Spatial Frequency Selectivitymentioning

confidence: 83%

Relationship between spatial frequency selectivity and receptive field profile of simple cells.

Andrews¹,

Pollen²

1979

The Journal of Physiology

146

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Section: Spatial Frequency Selectivitymentioning

confidence: 83%

Relationship between spatial frequency selectivity and receptive field profile of simple cells.

Andrews¹,

Pollen²

1979

The Journal of Physiology

146

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“…It is obviously impossible to classify grating cells as simple or complex by the classical criteria of Wiesel (1962, 1968), since this would require bar responses. However, the modulation of responses to moving gratings could be used as a criterion (Maffei and Fiorentini, 1973;Ikeda and Wright, 1975;De Valois et al, 1982;Dean and Tolhurst, 1983). The distinction is less easy when recording from the alert monkey because residual eye movements change the phase of response so that one cannot determine the modulation from averaged responses.…”

Section: Ocular Dominancementioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic-pattern-selective cells in monkey visual cortex

1992

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To study the visual processing of periodic and aperiodic patterns, we have analyzed neuronal responses in areas V1 and V2 of the visual cortex of alert monkeys during behaviorally induced fixation of gaze. Receptive field eccentricities ranged between 0.5 degrees and 4 degrees. We found cells that responded vigorously to gratings, but weakly or not all to bars and edges. In some cells the aperiodic stimuli even reduced the activity below the spontaneous level. The distribution of a bar-grating response index indicated a discrete population of “grating cells” characterized by more than 10-fold superiority of gratings. We estimated that these cells have a frequency of 4% in V1 and 1.6% in V2, and that about 4 million grafting cells of V1 subserve the central 4 degrees of vision. The converse, cells that responded to isolated bars but not to gratings of any periodicity, was also observed. The grating cells of V1 were mostly (23 of 26) found in layers 2, 3, and 4B. They preferred spatial frequencies between 2.6 and 19 cycles/degree (median, 9.3), with tuning widths at half-amplitude between 0.4 and 1.4 octaves (median, 1.0). Their tunings were narrower, and their preferred frequencies higher, than those of other cells on average. Grating cells were also narrowly tuned for orientation. Those of V2 were similarly selective. The responses of grating cells depended critically on the number of cycles of the gratings. With square waves of optimum periodicity responses required a minimum of 2–6 grating cycles and leveled off at 4–14 (median, 7.5). The corresponding receptive field widths were 0.34–2.4 degrees (median, 0.78 degrees) for V1 and 0.72–2.4 degrees (median, 1.4 degrees) for V2. Grating cells typically gave unmodulated responses to drifting gratings, were unselective for direction of motion, and were strongly activated also by stationary gratings. Half of those of V1 were monocular, the others binocular, some showing strong binocular facilitation and disparity sensitivity. Length summation was usually monotonic, but strong end- inhibition was also observed. In contrast to other cells, grating cells were not activated by harmonic components. Spatial-frequency response curves for sine-wave, square-wave, and line gratings were similar. Square-wave gratings of one-third the preferred frequency failed to excite the cells, while the isolated 3f component (f = the fundamental of the square wave) of these gratings evoked strong responses. In spite of the nonlinear features, grating cells had low contrast thresholds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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“…Accordingly, visual More recently, it has been observed that the neurones of the visual cortex (area 17), both of the cat (Campbell, Cooper & Enroth-Cugell, 1969;Maffei & Fiorentini, 1973;Ikeda & Wright, 1975) and of the monkey (Schiller, Finlay & Volman, 1976;De Valois, De Valois & Yund, 1979), are also very selective, when stimulated with gratings of sinusoidal luminance profile, for the spatial frequency of the visual stimulus. Each neurone responds best to one spatial frequency or in a narrow range around it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of visual cortical cells to periodic and non‐periodic stimuli.

Maffei¹,

Morrone

Pirchio³

et al. 1979

The Journal of Physiology

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1. The activity of neurones of the visual cortex (area 17) has been recorded in anaesthetized cats in response to gratings of different profile and to single light and dark bars. 2. At very low spatial frequencies, outside the frequency response range to sinusoidal gratings, the response to square‐wave drifting gratings is obtainable from a combination of the response to the single bars of the grating presented in isolation. At higher spatial frequencies this is no longer true. 3. At very low spatial frequencies the responses to square‐wave gratings and to missing‐fundamental gratings (obtained by subtraction from the square‐wave grating of its fundamental gratings (obtained by subtraction from the square‐wave grating of its fundamental harmonic) are very similar. 4. At spatial frequencies near the peak of the spatial frequency tuning curve of the cell, the responses to square‐wave grating and to sinusoidal gratings are very similar. At these spatial frequencies the response to the missing‐fundamental grating is practically zero. 5. At spatial frequencies lower than that of best sensitivity for the cell, the response to square‐wave gratings is correlated with the 1st and 3rd harmonic of the stimulus. 6. We conclude that at very low spatial frequencies of the grating the response of cortical cells is correlated with the light or dark edges (or light or dark bars) of the stimulus, because the edges contain high frequencies within the range of sensitivity of the cells. At higher spatial frequencies the results are interpreted best by assuming that cortical cells respond to the harmonics of the visual periodic stimulus. 7. When a background of dynamic visual noise is added to increase the spontaneous discharge of simple cells, their response to visual stimuli becomes linear or quasi‐linear. The stimuli could be either single bars or gratings.

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Spatial and temporal properties of ?sustained? and ?transient? neurones in area 17 of the cat's visual cortex

Cited by 125 publications

References 37 publications

Relationship between spatial frequency selectivity and receptive field profile of simple cells.

Relationship between spatial frequency selectivity and receptive field profile of simple cells.

Periodic-pattern-selective cells in monkey visual cortex

Responses of visual cortical cells to periodic and non‐periodic stimuli.

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