Spatial and temporal variability of metal(loid)s concentration as well as simultaneous determination of five arsenic and antimony species using HPLC-ICP-MS technique in the study of water and bottom sediments of the shallow, lowland, dam reservoir in Poland

Abstract

The optimization of new methodology for simultaneous determination of arsenic [As(III), As(V)] and antimony [Sb(III), Sb(V), SbMe 3 ] species using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in water and bottom sediment samples collected from the dam Kozłowa Góra Reservoir (Poland) was studied. Samples were collected monthly from May to September 2018 in four-point (water) and fifth-point (sediment) transects. The contents of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cr, Rb, Sr, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb, and Sb were studied in water and bottom sediments using ICP-MS techniques. Additionally, arsenic and antimony fractions were determined in sediments with the BCR method. Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (I geo ), LAWA classification, and Sb/As ratio indicated the presence of extreme sediment pollution for Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cr from anthropogenic sources. Research has shown that the easy-leached bottom sediment fraction contained in most cases more As(V) and Sb(V). But often Sb(V) concentration was equal as Sb(III), which can be released into the pelagic zone under favorable conditions. Even though As(V) and Sb(V) prevail in the reservoir bottom sediments, they can be transformed into As(III) and Sb(III) as a result of drastic changes in pH or redox potential. The Kozłowa Góra sediments are heavily polluted with Pb, Zn, Cd, and As, Cu, and Ni. The highest concentrations of the heavy metals were recorded in the middle of the tank and there was a small spatial variability. The migration of metals along the reservoir transect was closely related to its morphometry.

Co-Effects of Hydrological Conditions and Industrial Activities on the Distribution of Heavy Metal Pollution in Taipu River, China

“…The particle size distribution of the sediment is closely related to hydrological conditions, and various particle sizes show different sorption capacities for heavy metals [ 11 ]. In general, fine particles adsorb more heavy metals than coarse particles, influencing the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments [ 11 , 12 , 67 ]. Further, the bottom sediments can resuspend in water by strong hydrodynamics, and fine particles remain in the water and are carried away by the current, along with heavy metals.…”

Atomic Spectrometry Update: review of advances in elemental speciation

“…The spatial and temporal variability of five Sb and As species (Sb III , Sb V , SbMe 3 , As III and AsV) in water and sediments from a shallow, lowland dam in Kozlowa Gora Poland has been reported. 30 A total of fifteen elements plus the speciation of Sb and As, were determined in sediments using the BCR sequential chemical extraction method. Speciation was achieved using a Dionex IonPac AS7 column with ICP-MS detection and method validation was checked using four CRMs (NCS DC73309, NCS DC 73310, NCS DC 73312 from the NCS, China and NIST1643e).…”

“…The method was used to investigate sediments in the Mokolo River, South Africa. The As speciation in water and bottom sediment samples collected from the dam at Kozlowa Gora Reservoir (Poland), an area known to be heavily contaminated by anthropogenic sources, have been studied using the simultaneous determination of As III , As V and Sb III , Sb V , SbMe 3 species by HPLC-ICP-MS. 30 The extraction efficiency for As and Sb from the bottom sediments was checked using the CRM, NCS DC 73310, sediment. The total As concentration in the reservoir water did not show significant temporal or spatial variation, with on average 0.98 μg L −1 As III and 1.02 μg L −1 As V .…”

Optimizing Antimony Speciation Analysis via Frontal Chromatography–ICP-MS to Explore the Release of PET Additives

“…The development of accurate analytical methods for Sb speciation at ultra-trace levels can surely help in approaching this goal. Over the past decades, efforts have been dedicated to advancing analytical methodologies in this field (see the yearly updated review on advances in elemental speciation methods [ 25 ], and additional references [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]). For instance, in recent years, many non-chromatographic protocols, encompassing electroanalytical [ 33 , 34 ] and spectrometric techniques [ 35 ], have been developed.…”