Spatial and temporal variability of sea breezes and synoptic influences over the surface wind field of the Yucatán Peninsula

Cahuich-López, Miguel; Mariño‐Tapia, Ismael; Souza, Alejandro J.; Gold-Bouchot, Gerardo; Cohen, Mark; Valdés-Lozano, David

doi:10.20937/atm.52713

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In these regions, the cold front activity, mainly the winter–spring transition (León‐Cruz et al, 2021; Pita‐Díaz & Ortega‐Gaucin, 2020), seems to provide favourable environmental conditions for decreasing the freezing level and increasing the probability of hail formation. The GM subregion shows mild hail activity in spring, summer, and autumn, while the YP subregion exhibits hail activity principally during winter, which can be explained by frontal systems passing over the region (Cahuich‐López et al, 2020), which tends to decrease the freezing level, favouring the hail formation. The SW subregion shows significant hail activity from spring to autumn, with hailstorms concentrated in the summer months and previously classified as hailstorms in tropical regions with significant orography (Zhou et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thunderstorm and hailstorm environments in Mexico

León‐Cruz

Caetano

Cortés‐Ramos

et al. 2023

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Thunderstorm and hailstorm environments from 1981 to 2018 are analysed using the proximity soundings approach based on the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Given the nature of the severe weather dataset, four proximity soundings 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 local time were retrieved per day with hail activity or thunderstorms. After quality control, a total of 30,760 vertical profiles were used and grouped seasonally and spatially to consider the local variation of the convective environments. Diverse instability, kinematic, and composite parameters were calculated to characterize the environments for these two convective hazards. The results indicate differences mainly modulated by orographic features, continentality, regional climate, and general synoptic characteristics. Higher instability environments of thunderstorms and hailstorms are observed in the subregions near moisture sources such as oceans, principally during summer and autumn when tropical activity occurs. High wind shear environments are concentrated during winter and spring, mainly in central and northern regions of the country, associated with the passage of frontal systems. The covariates are reasonably accurate at predicting severe weather, but their prediction skill decreases during the warm season when severe weather is more common in Mexico. Increased knowledge of severe weather and associated convective hazards will improve weather forecasting and may be helpful in disaster risk reduction due to meteorological hazards in Mexico.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thunderstorm and hailstorm environments in Mexico

León‐Cruz

Caetano

Cortés‐Ramos

et al. 2023

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The atmospheric circulation consists of a variety of interacting scales of motion ranging through the microscale, mesoscale, synoptic-scale and global scale. Although these scales cannot be adequately resolved by dynamical and parametrized physical processes, the use of mathematicalstatistical methods (e.g., Complex Empirical Orthogonal Function (CEOF)) (Dafka et al, 2018;Cahuich-lópez et al, 2020) prove very efficient tools to discriminate the influence of each scale of motion in the resultant atmospheric circulation. There are many studies in the international meteorological literature dealing with the thermally driven circulation inside the PBL supporting the view that the interaction between synoptic-scale barometric gradient wind and sea-land breezes is an ordinary physical phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many studies in the international meteorological literature dealing with the thermally driven circulation inside the PBL supporting the view that the interaction between synoptic-scale barometric gradient wind and sea-land breezes is an ordinary physical phenomenon. Most of these studies are cited in Cahuich-lópez et al (2020), Arrillagar (2020) and the earlier ones in Prezerakos (1986). Therefore, the sea breeze, being a local to regional scale atmospheric circulation, must affect the Etesian winds and in addition, micro-scale sub grid physical processes such as orographic drag and thermal and mechanical turbulence affect mostly the land-sea circulation (Arrillagar, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The planetary boundary layer physical processes, the secondary thermal baroclinic circulation and inertial oscillation contribution to diurnal variation of the Etesian winds over the Aegean Sea

Prezerakos

2023

Atm.

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The Etesian winds constitute an important climatological phenomenon, which does not only moderate the heat during the summer in the Aegean Sea, but provide a source of clean renewable energy as well. Even though several papers have attempted to explain their dynamical and the physical characteristics, the respective processes that drive the diurnal variation of the wind speed are not fully understood. The objective of this paper is to identify the processes responsible for diurnal variation with observed maximum wind speed around noon and minimum around midnight. Analytical solutions of a primitive equation set in Eulerian form, after introducing suitable conditions and approximations, reveal an inertial oscillation over the Aegean Sea. Data based on direct observations, ECMWF IFS high resolution analyses and high-resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model are utilized to find out the type and the structure of the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) over the Aegean Sea. This PBL appears to be of a marine character and turbulent mostly during the day but less during the night. The direct impact of the local and regional thermally-driven circulations is found to be the main cause of the diurnal variation of the observed wind and partly the inertial oscillation. Results from numerical simulations certify these findings. Furthermore, the momentum and Newtonian heating exchanges by the physical processes inside the PBL, where the gradient wind together with smaller scales of atmospheric motions exist, are also necessary for explaining the variability of the Etesian winds.

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A provisional climatology of the mesoscale convective systems in the Yucatan Peninsula in summer

Valdés-Manzanilla

2021

Nat Hazards

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Spatial and temporal variability of sea breezes and synoptic influences over the surface wind field of the Yucatán Peninsula

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Thunderstorm and hailstorm environments in Mexico

Thunderstorm and hailstorm environments in Mexico

The planetary boundary layer physical processes, the secondary thermal baroclinic circulation and inertial oscillation contribution to diurnal variation of the Etesian winds over the Aegean Sea

A provisional climatology of the mesoscale convective systems in the Yucatan Peninsula in summer

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