Spatial and temporal variation in fish assemblages in three small unpolluted estuarine rivers and associated lagoons in Kouchibouguac National Park, southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada

Abstract

. 2015. Spatial and temporal variation in fish assemblages in three small unpolluted estuarine rivers and associated lagoons in Kouchibouguac National Park, southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 129(2): 121-133.Estuaries have among the highest primary production rates of ocean waters and provide essential habitat for many organisms. Recognition of the need to conserve these critical habitats is coupled with the need for baseline data to allow assessment of ecosystem changes. This study compares natural variations in, and correlations between, the composition of fish assemblages and environmental factors at several sites over two years in three rivers emptying into estuaries in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. Fish diversity and abundance were determined by beach seining and related to water temperature, salinity, substrate, and vegetation. From may to September 2000 (14 sites) and may to August 2001 (15 sites), 20 fish species were collected, seven of which accounted for 98% of the total catch. The dominant species, mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), represented 44% of the catch. its abundance and that of the other dominant species -Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) 16%, Blackspotted Stickleback (G. wheatlandi) 13%, Banded Killifish (F. diaphanus) 12%, Fourspine Stickleback (Apeltes quadracus) 7%, Atlantic Silverside (Menidia menidia) 4%, and Ninespine Stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) 2% -differed significantly both spatially and temporally. multidimensional scaling analysis showed a spatial gradient in abundance from upstream to lagoon sites and a temporal gradient from spring to fall. Upstream sites were low in salinity and had a higher organic content and a higher proportion of silt-clay in the sediment. Variation within fish populations was related to site and seasonal changes in environmental conditions and species' tolerance of water temperature, salinity, vegetation coverage, and fine sediments.

Modeling implications of climate induced streamflow changes on the fish species of the Soan River, Pakistan

“…More than 190 fish species are the inhabitants of different rivers in Pakistan (Rafique and Khan 2012). Competition for water resources and habitat modifications are some of the major stressors for fish assemblage (Kouamélan et al 2003;Bremner et al 2015;Crook et al 2015) and are closely associated with the alteration of natural streamflow patterns. These stressors frequently become the reason for the extinction of delicate species, alterations and assemblage shift, decline in functionality and diversity of fish assemblages (Helms et al 2009).…”

Spatial and seasonal dynamics of fish assemblage along river Soan, Pakistan and its relationship with environmental conditions

“…Anthropogenic disturbances of the landscapes have dramatically affected the structuring of fish assemblages and altered the general pattern of variations in fish distribution along upstreamdownstream gradient. Various factors are identified as main anthropogenic and natural stressors for fish assemblage like competition for water resources, water withdrawal, habitat modifications, alterations in natural patterns of ecological connectivity in freshwater ecosystems, commercial exploitation, and introduction of exotic species (Kouamélan et al, 2003;Bremner et al, 2015;Crook et al, 2015). Such stresses often cause extinction of sensitive species, assemblage shift and modifications, physiological stress and reduction in functionality and diversity of fish assemblages (Helms et al, 2009;Sirot et al, 2015).…”