Spatial and Temporal Variation of Rainfall in IRAQ

AL-Rijabo, Waleed I.

doi:10.9790/4861-0540107

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both climate variability and change can lead to severe impacts on different major sectors of the world such as water resources, agriculture, energy and tourism (Osman et al, 2014). Several studies have reported that the Middle East region may face more aridity due to temperature increase and rainfall decrease (Al-Rijabo and Salih, 2013;Bilal et al, 2013;Zakaria et al, 2013;Osman et al, 2014;Azooz and Talal, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of climate variation indices in Iraq using a statistical factor analysis

Shubbar

Salman

Lee

2016

Intl Journal of Climatology

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For over three decades, Iraq has suffered from climate variability and desertification. Rainfall rates have decreased with abnormal high-temperature degrees, recurrence of dust storms has been increasing and many agricultural areas have turned into barren land. In this article, to study these climatic variations and detect important climate indices in Iraq, ten indices (total rainfall, average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, number of days of dust rising, number of days of dust storm, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure at sea surface level, total evaporation and wind speed) were investigated at 24 meteorological stations in Iraq for 30 years. January in winter, July in summer and annual rates of climate indices were analysed through a factor analysis method. As a result, total rainfall, minimum, maximum and average temperature were found as the strongest indices of the two seasons in Iraq. However, in the annual rates, the total rainfall indicator ranked last in the second component of the factor analysis. The contour lines for the factors of rainfall and maximum temperature offered a clear guide to patterns of the characteristics in winter, summer and annual rates. The northern regions were characterized by high values of rainfall in winter in comparison to the central and southern parts of Iraq. However, high temperatures were found in Baghdad and the southern regions in summer, which showed more than 45 ∘ C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of climate variation indices in Iraq using a statistical factor analysis

Shubbar

Salman

Lee

2016

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…There is a reduction in this character due to the continuous tillage, agricultural operations, overgrazing, logging, firing, urbanization, and weed control. If this area is left without any operations the expected coverage will reach 100%,The reason of riches of flora in study region due to the northern of Iraq in special Sulaymaneyah had being high values of mean annually rainfall 717.0 mm in comparing with the middle Iraq in Baghdad 256.4 mm and southern Iraq in Basra 143.7 mm in the year of 2013 this due to suitable conditions and fertile soil [16]. In study found that the coverage percentage in Zawita region was 70.1%, while found that it was 50.9, 73.7 and 22.2% in Atrosh, Zawita and Sinjar regions respectively [3].In current study the botanical density rate reached 395.48 plant/m 2 , table (3) which shows the density, frequency and height of each species of plants.The higher density found in Avena fatua 26 plant/m 2 ,the less density was in Paspalum distichum 0.15 plant/m 2 .…”

Section: Results and Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation Vegetation Cover in Sulaymaniyah Region of Iraq.

Al-Azzam.¹

2016

IJAR

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Vegetation is the basic rule in the food pyramid for all living being one of the most important ecosystems, including its content from all plant species , that through the process of photosynthesis by using solar energy where absorbs carbon dioxide and produce oxygen which needed to breathe all forms of life on earth and prevent global warming ,is one of the most important ecosystems in the filtration for rid the air from toxic gases and dusts, maintaining the proper temperature for life especially in reducing the thermal differences between night and day.Organic components of plants turn into nutrients in the soil by microorganisms, maintain the moisture and the water cycle in the soil. Bring rain, prevent the phenomena of soil erosion and desertification so contribute organization of the wind and the movement of clouds and rains then their distributed on the surface of the earthalso protect the biodiversity from extinction. Vegetation provides the humannatural resources which used as a food and Clothing so provides primary natural resources were necessary for the Pharmaceutical Industries, provides resources as raw materials for manufacturing, vegetation is one of the most important sources of the components of biological and ecological balance, which sits on their head the human, in addition of plant breeding andAesthetic values. Thebotanical survey revealed that these plants belong to 39 families, 85genuses and 92 species. While the percentage of coverage was 95 % and plant density reached 395.48 plant/m 2 . The higher density found in Avena fatua26plant/m 2 , the less density was inPaspalum distichum 0.15 plant/m 2 .The higher frequency in the Lolium rigidum 70%, ,the less frequency was in Anchusa itali3.5%,the higher height was inSilybum marianum102 cm and the less height inOxalis corniculata 18 cm .This region is rich in flora (vegetation cover) which could be invested for anti-desertification, soilprotectionand improvement of natural pastures.Copy Right, IJAR, 2016,. All rights reserved.

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“…Winter month receives about 42-56 % of the annual rainfall and thus it represents the wettest season of the year while the vernal season receives a valuable amount rainfall and contributes 27-32 % of the total annual rainfall. The autumn season contributes 15-27 % of the total annual rainfall [2]. The amount of annual rainfall mainly depends on the type of the Pressure system (cyclone), location of the region and its intensity and speed and period of continuity and the amount of moisture loaded [3] , all these factors are major reasons to causes of the different amount of rainfall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synoptic Analysis for the Daily Rains of the City of Baghdad

Abd¹,

kareem²

2021

Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci.

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To know the reasons for changing the daily rainfall amount, cases study were chosen for Baghdad station by specifying the maximum and minimum daily rain for the months of the rainy season for each year of the study period (2007-2018). The behavior of daily rainfall for the rainy season varying temporally with maximum (89 mm) and minimum (0.1mm). Synoptic analysis of weather chart for pressure levels (300, 500, 700, 850, and surface) was performed. Visible images of satellites were used to determine the quantities of the cloud for the selected cases. The results showed that synoptic analysis in all cases occurs due to the presence of a jet stream in the upper atmosphere, accompanied by the presence of a basin at the level of 300 hectopascals with an enhancement of relative humidity exceeding 70% at the level of 700 hectopascals, but the presence of the front makes the amount of rain greater in the absence of it. At the level of 850 hectopascals and the surface, the depressions that affect Iraq also differ in their severity and the amount of moisture loaded.

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Spatial and Temporal Variation of Rainfall in IRAQ

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Characteristics of climate variation indices in Iraq using a statistical factor analysis

Characteristics of climate variation indices in Iraq using a statistical factor analysis

Evaluation Vegetation Cover in Sulaymaniyah Region of Iraq.

Synoptic Analysis for the Daily Rains of the City of Baghdad

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