Spatial Attention and the Latency of Neuronal Responses in Macaque Area V4

Lee, Joonyeol; Williford, Tori H.; Maunsell, John H. R.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2734-07.2007

Cited by 92 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the following days, subjects underwent five 1.5-hour fMRI task sessions, consisting of 12 runs of 24 trials for a total of 5 × 12 × 24 = 1440 trials. We chose to scan a small number of highly trained subjects across multiple days in order to maximize our ability to detect parametric changes in the BOLD signal within all conditions, as in other visual studies (Amano et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2007;Silver et al, 2008) and our own previous studies (Kayser et al, 2010a,b).…”

Section: Subject Training and Task Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The neural representation of sensorimotor transformations in a human perceptual decision making network

Erickson

Kayser

2013

NeuroImage

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Humans can quickly engage a neural network to transform complex visual stimuli into a motor response. Activity from a key region within this network, the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), has been associated with evidence accumulation and motor planning, thus implicating it in sensorimotor transformations. If such transformations occur within a brain region, a key and untested prediction is that neural activity reflecting both the parametric amount of evidence available and the timing of motor planning can be independently manipulated. To investigate these ideas, we constructed a dot motion discrimination task in which information about response modality (what to use) and response mapping (how to use it) was provided independently either before or after presentation of a dot motion coherence stimulus whose strength varied across trials. Consistent with our hypothesis, activity within IPS covaried with dot motion coherence during the stimulus phase, and as information necessary for the response was delayed, the peak of IPS activity shifted to the response phase. In contrast, areas such as the motion-sensitive region MT+ and the supplementary motor area demonstrated activity limited to the stimulus and response phases of the task, respectively. These results show that activity in IPS correlates with temporally dissociable representations consistent with both evidence accumulation and motor planning, and suggest that IPS is a core component for sensorimotor transformations within the perceptual decision-making network.© 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. IntroductionThe ability to link sensation with action is integral to even the most fundamental of decisions. In humans, a number of studies have identified a frontoparietal network involved in processes during perceptual decisions, including sensory processing, attentional control, evidence accumulation, and motor planning (Heekeren et al., 2008; Kayser et al., 2010a,b;Liu and Pleskac, 2011;Ploran et al., 2007Ploran et al., , 2011Rowe et al., 2010;Ho et al., 2009;Tosoni et al., 2008). Previously we demonstrated that for subjects performing a dot motion discrimination task, this network displays a blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response that varies inversely with motion coherence (Kayser et al., 2010a). Consistent with previous and subsequent findings (e.g., Hebart et al., 2012;Ho et al., 2009;Kayser et al., 2010b), this negative parametric effect matched predictions of a proportional-rate diffusion model for evidence accumulation to a threshold (Palmer et al., 2005;Ratcliff and McKoon, 2008), and linked human brain activity with a computational model of the transformation from stimulus to response.Although this parametric effect is necessary, it is not sufficient to define regions that support such sensorimotor transformations. Human studies, for example, show that areas such as the motion-sensitive region MT+, supplementary motor area (SMA), and intraparietal sulcus (IPS) all display this parametric effect. Importantly, results from macaque studies show that ...

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Section: Subject Training and Task Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The neural representation of sensorimotor transformations in a human perceptual decision making network

Erickson

Kayser

2013

NeuroImage

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“…With regard to transmission times (ii), little evidence supports the notion that attention decreases latency of neural signals, at least in animal models. In single unit neurophysiological studies in monkeys, Lee et al [51] found that directing attention towards (or away from) a stimulus has little effect on the latency of neuronal signals in area V4 (approx. 1 ms decrease in latency for either 100% or 25% contrast stimuli).…”

Section: Human Psychophysical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the authors were not able to identify or reliably measure C1, the earliest component originating primarily from V1, which could have provided a more direct read-out of early stages of visual processing. One should also bear in mind that even a change in the latency of an ERP component does not necessarily indicate a change in the latency of individual neurons [51]. Each component of the ERP reflects the pooled activity of large ensembles of cells that could have different individual latencies.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Mechanisms Of Relative Timing (A) Human Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each component of the ERP reflects the pooled activity of large ensembles of cells that could have different individual latencies. Attention could preferentially modulate the magnitude of responses of neurons with different response latencies, and the summation of the magnitude changes could cause an apparent change in the latency of the ERP component [51]. Moreover, latency changes, if they exist at all, are unlikely to arise from changes in the actual propagation of neural signals, but rather from the way that those signals are integrated or read-out by postsynaptic neurons.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Mechanisms Of Relative Timing (A) Human Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative timing: from behaviour to neurons

Aghdaee

Battelli

Assad

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Processing of temporal information is critical to behaviour. Here, we review the phenomenology and mechanism of relative timing , ordinal comparisons between the timing of occurrence of events. Relative timing can be an implicit component of particular brain computations or can be an explicit, conscious judgement. Psychophysical measurements of explicit relative timing have revealed clues about the interaction of sensory signals in the brain as well as in the influence of internal states, such as attention, on those interactions. Evidence from human neurophysiological and functional imaging studies, neuropsychological examination in brain-lesioned patients, and temporary disruptive interventions such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), point to a role of the parietal cortex in relative timing. Relative timing has traditionally been modelled as a ‘race’ between competing neural signals. We propose an updated race process based on the integration of sensory evidence towards a decision threshold rather than simple signal propagation . The model suggests a general approach for identifying brain regions involved in relative timing, based on looking for trial-by-trial correlations between neural activity and temporal order judgements (TOJs). Finally, we show how the paradigm can be used to reveal signals related to TOJs in parietal cortex of monkeys trained in a TOJ task.

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“…Lee et al (2007), in The Journal of Neuroscience, report an important constraint on the similarity between attention and contrast. Most studies that have examined the effects of visual attention have focused on the magnitude of neuronal responses.…”

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confidence: 99%