Spatial Decision Assistance of Watershed Sedimentation (SDAS): Development and Application

In Jakarta, climate change has been detected through rising air temperatures, increased intensity of rainfall in the wet season, and sea level rise. The coupling of such changes with local anthropogenic driven modifications in the environmental setting could contribute to an increased probability of flooding, due to increases in both extreme river discharge and sedimentation (as a result of erosion in the watersheds above Jakarta and as indicated by sediment yield in the downstream area). In order to respond to the observed and projected changes in river discharge and sediment yield, and their secondary impacts, adaptation strategies are required. A possible adaptation strategy is through policy making in the field of spatial planning. For example, in Indonesia, presidential regulation number 54 year 2008 (Peraturan Presiden Nomor 54 Tahun 2008 -Perpres 54/2008) was issued as a reference for the implementation of water and soil conservation. This paper assesses the impact of climate and land cover change on river discharge and sediment yield, as well as the effects of Perpres 54/2008 on that river discharge and sediment yield. The spatial water balance model STREAM (Spatial Tools for River Basins and Environmental and Analysis of Management Option) was used for the runoff computations, whilst the SDAS model (Spatial Decision Assistance of Watershed Sedimentation) was used to simulate erosion, Sediment Delivery Ratio, and sediment yield. The computation period is from January 1901 to December 2005, at the scale of the following watersheds: Ciujung, Cisadane, Ciliwung, and Citarum. During the 20 th century, computed average discharge in the downstream area (near Jakarta) increased between 2.5 m 3 s -1 /month and 35 m 3 s -1 /month, and sediment yield increased between 1×10 3 tons/year and 42×10 3 tons/year. These changes were caused by changes in both land cover and climate, with the former playing a stronger role. Based on a computation under a theoretical full implementation of the spatial plan proposed by Perpres 54/2008, river discharge would decrease by up to 5% in the Ciliwung watershed, and 26% in the Cisadane watershed. The implementation of Perpres 54/2008 could also decrease the sediment yield, by up to 61% and 22% in the Ciliwung and Cisadane watersheds respectively. These findings show that the implementation of the spatial plan of Perpres 54/2008 could significantly improve watershed response to runoff and erosion. This study may serve as a tool for assessing the reduction of climate change impacts and evaluating the role of spatial planning for adaptation strategies.

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Assessment of the effects of climate and land cover changes on river discharge and sediment yield, and an adaptive spatial planning in the Jakarta region

Poerbandono

Julian

Ward

2014

Nat Hazards

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On the investigation of vertical uncertainty of depth sounding in a shallow environment with muddy seabed: Preliminary results from a launch operation of a dual-frequency echosounder

Alodia

Muhammad

Poerbandono

2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Hydrographic echosounder has been the standard instrument that provides a measure of water depths. In a muddy environment, this detection is not as straightforward as it seems; low gradient of acoustic impedance presence within the water-sediment interface resulting in vertical separation of liquid-solid boundary detected by different frequencies of depth sounding system. In this study, we investigate the depths measured by a dual-frequency hydrographic echosounder in a muddy environment, coupled with a simultaneous probing of the water-seabed interface by means of a free-falling cone penetrometer. We intend to understand the extent of the uncertainty of a depth-sounding system to precisely locate the liquid-solid boundary within the water-seabed interface, specifically at Patimban coasts, situated in the north coast part of Java Island, where muddy sediments dominate the seabed. From our investigation, we found that standard high-frequency sounding (200 kHz) underestimates the physical depth by 0.26 ± 0.17 m, while standard low-frequency sounding (24 kHz) overestimates the physical depth by 0.23 ± 0.19 m and tends to give inconsistent measures. Our study suggests the importance of considering these measures of discrepancy when depth sounding is being carried out in a muddy environment.

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Spatial Decision Assistance of Watershed Sedimentation (SDAS): Development and Application

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Assessment of the effects of climate and land cover changes on river discharge and sediment yield, and an adaptive spatial planning in the Jakarta region

Assessment of the effects of climate and land cover changes on river discharge and sediment yield, and an adaptive spatial planning in the Jakarta region

On the investigation of vertical uncertainty of depth sounding in a shallow environment with muddy seabed: Preliminary results from a launch operation of a dual-frequency echosounder

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