2022
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111838
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Spatial distribution and health risk assessment of As and Pb contamination in the groundwater of Rayong Province, Thailand

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Cited by 25 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Third, the carcinogenic slope factor of Cr is relatively high, which increases the potential of Cr to cause health risks. Previous studies have also identified Cr as a major element contributing to the carcinogenic risk [49,50], and the health risks via the ingestion route are higher than the dermal contact route for both the carcinogenic risks and the non-carcinogenic risks (Table S7) [51,52], which are in agreement with this paper and all conclude that drinking water is the most dominant and direct pathway contributing to health risk.…”
Section: Source-oriented Health Risk Assessmentsupporting
confidence: 91%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Third, the carcinogenic slope factor of Cr is relatively high, which increases the potential of Cr to cause health risks. Previous studies have also identified Cr as a major element contributing to the carcinogenic risk [49,50], and the health risks via the ingestion route are higher than the dermal contact route for both the carcinogenic risks and the non-carcinogenic risks (Table S7) [51,52], which are in agreement with this paper and all conclude that drinking water is the most dominant and direct pathway contributing to health risk.…”
Section: Source-oriented Health Risk Assessmentsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https:// www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ijerph19137827/s1, Table S1: Parameters used for calculation of water quality index (WQI); Table S2: Exposure parameters used for health risk assessment calculations in this study; Table S3: Values of reference dose (RfD) and carcinogenic slope factor (CSF) in different pathways; Table S4: Uncertain concentration (µg/L) of heavy metals (HMs) in groundwater of Hainan Island; Table S5: Principal component analysis of heavy metals in groundwater of Hainan Island; Table S6: Summary statistics for 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 95th percentile non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks based on Monte Carlo simulation using Crystal Ball (vs. 11.1.2.4); Table S7: Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks via different pathways; Figure S1: Spatial distribution of the concentrations (µg/L) of groundwater heavy metals in study area; Figure S2: Spatial distribution of (a) the water quality index (WQI) and (b) pollution evaluation index (PEI); Figure S3: The country's key monitoring enterprises in Hainan province in 2015. References [22,28,29,31,35,37,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] are cited in the supplementary materials.…”
Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this study, the EPA health risk assessment model was used to assess the health risk of PTEs in road dust [ 36 ]. The model can separately calculate the health risks of PTEs entering the human body through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact [ 37 , 38 ]. The average daily dose (ADD) for the three exposure pathways is calculated as follows: …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, the toxicity of some heavy metals (such as As and Cr) can threaten human health at a low concentration [ 18 ]; therefore, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive health risks assessment of heavy metals in this area. The human health risks assessment (HHRA) method is a model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) which combines the degree of water pollution with human health to evaluate the harm caused to humans by water pollution [ 19 , 20 ]. This method has been widely used in groundwater health risk assessments [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method has been widely used in groundwater health risk assessments [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The model usually considered two health risks categories: intake (generally through eating and drinking) and contact (generally through skin and breathing) [ 19 , 20 ]. Zhai et al (2017) [ 24 ] evaluated the non-metallic pollutants risks of groundwater in the Songnen Plain by using this model.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%