Spatial distribution and provenance of heavy metal contamination in the sediments of the Indus River and its tributaries, North Pakistan: Evaluation of pollution and potential risks

Usman, Qazi Ahmed; Muhammad, Said; Ali, Wajid; Yousaf, Saeeda; Jadoon, Ishtiaq A. K.

doi:10.1016/j.eti.2020.101184

Cited by 54 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In order to further evaluate the comprehensive status of the PTEs in a particular site or area in the river surface water samples. The pollution load index (I PL ) was used based on the contamination factor (CF) [ 30 ], which followed the equation:

where n represents the number of PTEs. The grading criteria of the pollution load index are classified as: non-contaminated (0 ≤ I PL < 1); baseline (I PL = 1); progressive contamination (I PL > 1) [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pollution Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in a Karstic River Affected by Manganese Mining in Changyang, Western Hubei, Central China

Liu

Kuang

Lan

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the distribution, pollution level and potential ecological risk of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from manganese mining in a karstic Danshui River, in Changyang, Western Hubei, Central China. River water and sediments were collected for seven PTEs measurement (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn), as well as pH and Eh of the river water were measured. Results showed that the major pollutant was Mn, the river water environment was mainly acidic and oxidizing (288 < Eh, pH < 6.3), and the pollution distribution of Mn in the study area was dominated by the combination of natural processes and anthropogenic activities. In the river water, according to the contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (IPL) results, Mn was considered the main pollutant. There was low As and Pb pollution downstream as well as Cu pollution upstream. Upstream and downstream areas were the main polluted river sections of the river water samples collected. In river sediments, based on the results of the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index (IPER), it was determined that there was only considerable Mn pollution. The IPER of the PTEs from the river sediments was at acceptable levels, only Mn upstream performed at a moderate ecological risk level. According to Pearson correlation and principal component analysis, Mn originated from manganese mining activities, Cd, Cr and Zn were of natural origin, and Cu may have come from both mining and natural origin, whereas Pb and As were mainly related to the daily activities. Consequently, elemental speciation, mining activities and the distribution of water conservancy facilities were the main impacts of PET pollution distribution in this river.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to further evaluate the comprehensive status of the PTEs in a particular site or area in the river surface water samples. The pollution load index (IPL) was used based on the contamination factor (CF) [30], which followed the equation:…”

Section: Pollution Load Index (Ipl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in a Karstic River Affected by Manganese Mining in Changyang, Western Hubei, Central China

Liu

Kuang

Lan

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pollution load index (PLI) is widely used to determine the pollution status of all PTEs in studies [ 16 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Before using the pollution load index (PLI) for evaluation, the contamination factors (CFs) of each metal element need to be calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Human Activities on the Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk and Sources of PTEs in Coastal Sediments

Wang

Lin

Wang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) have attracted substantial attention because of their widespread sources, long residue time and easy accumulation. PTEs in the surface sediments of inshore waters are strongly affected by human activities because these waters are a zone of interaction between the ocean and land. In the present study, to explore the environmental geochemical behaviour and source of PTEs in the surface sediments of coastal waters, the contents and spatial distributions of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different regions of Xiamen Bay were investigated. The data were processed by multivariate statistical methods, and the distribution characteristics of PTEs in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay were analysed. In addition, the pollution load index (PLI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological index(RI) were used to evaluate the pollution degree and potential risk in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay, and the positive matrix factorisation (PMF) model was used to analyse the source. The results show that Zn had the highest mean concentration, followed by Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Cd and Hg, among the seven PTEs. The mean contents of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg, and especially Hg and Cd, were higher than the corresponding environmental background values. The average PLI value indicated that the Xiamen Bay sediment was moderately contaminated by PTEs. The Igeo results showed that Xiamen Bay was moderately to strongly polluted by Cd and Hg. The proportions of samples with low, medium and strong risk levels were 11.63%, 74.42%, and 13.95% in surface sediments, respectively. PMF models showed that the input of chemical fertilizer and medication, anthropogenic atmospheric components and terrestrial detritus were the main sources of PTEs in the surface sediment of Xiamen Bay.

show abstract

“…It mainly provides water for domestic, drinking and agricultural activities of country side along its entire route (Clift 2002;Inam et al 2007). The ratio of water pollution has constantly increased due to industrialization, urbanization (Usman et al 2021) and climate change (Cheeseman 2016;Keerio et al 2020b). Safe disposal of wastewater and sewage treatment plants are almost non-existent in all big cities of Pakistan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality analysis of old and new Phuleli Canal for irrigation purpose in the vicinity of Hyderabad, Pakistan

Panhwar

Keerio

et al. 2022

Water Practice and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Irrigation-water quality plays an important role in agriculture productivity. In this study, water quality of the old and new Phuleli canal located in Hyderabad, Pakistan, was characterized for irrigation purpose. Water samples were collected from four different locations of each old and new Phuleli canal. Twelve different irrigation-water quality standards were assessed under the study: pH, Electricity Conductivity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solids, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Sodium adsorption ratio, Fecal Coliforms. The results showed that the Electricity Conductivity ranges from 910–3,090 MS/cm, Potassium 13–112 mg/l, BOD 61–285 mg/l, COD 97–361 mg/l and Fecal Coliforms 400–2,350 MPN/100 ml concentrations in water of both canals were higher than the National Environmental Quality Standards permissible limits. It was found that the water quality parameters were higher than the permissible pollution level of canal water for the use of irrigation in agriculture.

show abstract

Spatial distribution and provenance of heavy metal contamination in the sediments of the Indus River and its tributaries, North Pakistan: Evaluation of pollution and potential risks

Cited by 54 publications

References 45 publications

Pollution Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in a Karstic River Affected by Manganese Mining in Changyang, Western Hubei, Central China

Pollution Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in a Karstic River Affected by Manganese Mining in Changyang, Western Hubei, Central China

Effects of Human Activities on the Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk and Sources of PTEs in Coastal Sediments

Water quality analysis of old and new Phuleli Canal for irrigation purpose in the vicinity of Hyderabad, Pakistan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About