Spatial Distribution of Coronary Capillaries: A-V Segment Staggering

Batra, Sanjay; Kuo, Ching; Rakusan, K

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5643-1_28

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This would in turn suggest that there might be about 13 arteriolar inflow points into 1 mm 3 of tissue, a number compatible with those from Eng et al, 9 Kaneko,10 and Bassingthwaighte et al,11 but larger than those of Batra and Rakusan. 12 The apparent heterogeneity at this projected microvascular unit size, however, was too large at 102 percent compared with the direct observations of Stapleton et al,13 who obtained estimates of RD under 50 percent, from high-resolution measurements in hamster hearts. They used autoradiography to assess flow heterogeneity in element sizes of greater than 100 cubic microns, using the "molecular microsphere" iododesmethylimipramine developed by Bassingthwaighte et al14 While the fractal relationships were not well determined in Stapleton's observations, due to limitation in the statistical assessment, this provoked a reassessment.…”

Section: The Myocardial Microvascular Unit: a Reference Point?mentioning

confidence: 70%

Fractal Branchings: The Basis of Myocardial Flow Heterogeneities?

Bassingthwaighte

Beek

King

1990

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Section: The Myocardial Microvascular Unit: a Reference Point?mentioning

confidence: 70%

Fractal Branchings: The Basis of Myocardial Flow Heterogeneities?

Bassingthwaighte

Beek

King

1990

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…The staining protocol is described elsewhere (Batra et al 1989;Grim and Carlson 1990). Brie¯y, tissue sections were incubated in a mixture reactive to DPP IV in the capillary endothelium, which stained the venular portions of capillaries red.…”

Section: Determination Of Capillary Pro®lesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microspheres were sustained only in AP-positive capillary portions, suggesting that the AP-positive capillary portions are located on the arteriolar side and the DPP IV-positive ones on the venular side of capillaries (for a review; Koyama et al 1998). This method has been utilized in studies of capillarity in skeletal muscles (Mrazkova et al 1986;Grim and Carlson 1990;Suzuki et al 1997a, b) as well as in the myocardium (Batra et al 1989(Batra et al , 1991Gao et al 1994). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength training with partial ischaemia stimulates microvascular remodelling in rat calf muscles

Suzuki¹,

Kobayashi²,

Uruma³

et al. 2000

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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The eects of strength training with partial tourniquet ischaemia on skeletal muscle capillarity were examined, particularly in terms of the distribution of arteriolar and venular capillaries and their capillary domain area, in male Wistar rats. A tourniquet applied around the knee joint induced partial ischaemia. Repeated isometric contractions of calf muscles, 1 s on/1 s o for 3 min, induced by electrical stimulation (100 Hz), were conducted 2 days/week for 6 weeks as training. Morphologic data were obtained from four groups; non-treatment control (C), ischaemic (IS), non-ischaemic training (NIT) and ischaemic training (IT). In the super®cial portion of gastrocnemius (GASs) muscle, the total capillary density of arteriolar capillaries was signi®cantly greater in the IT-leg than in the C-leg (P < 0.05). In the plantaris (PL) muscle, these values were signi®cantly greater in the IT-leg than in both the C-and NIT-legs (P < 0.05). Only in the GASs was the capillary-to-®bre ratio signi®cantly greater in the IT-leg than in the C-leg (P < 0.05). In GASs and PL, the capillary domain area (CDA) was smaller in the IT-leg than in the C-and NIT-legs. In all muscles examined, mean ®bre cross-sectional area was not signi®cantly changed by the experimental treatment. These ®ndings suggest that adaptive changes in the microvascular network, identi®ed as an increase in the arteriolar capillary area and a reduction in diusion distance, occur in the skeletal muscles after strength training with partial ischaemia. These adaptive changes probably improve the supply of oxygen and nutrients to skeletal muscle tissues.

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“…Sections were stained using a double-staining method (staining for alkaline phosphatase and for dipeptidyl peptidase IV). This staining procedure, which has been previously described in detail [7,9], is based on differences in enzyme localization within individual capillaries: capillary segments located closer to the feeding arteriole stain blue with alkaline phos phatase while capillary segments loeated closer to the collecting ven ule stain red with dipeptidyl peptidase IV. This double staining enabled us to visualize the localization of capillaries within the tissue used for morphometric analysis.…”

Section: Histological Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…close or far from their feeding arterioles [7,8]. Studies from our laboratory on the coronary capillary bed revealed that the capillary supply region is significantly smaller at the distal portion of the capillary when com pared to the proximal region [7,9], Thus, we proposed that the classical Krogh cylinder model should be trans formed to a truncated cone, which would better character ize the tissue supplied by the coronary capillaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Geometry of the Capillary Net in Human Hearts

Rakusan¹,

Cicutti

Spaténka³

et al. 1997

Int J Microcirc

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The geometry of the coronary capillary bed in human hearts was studied using samples obtained during cardiac surgery of children operated for tetralogy of Fallot and samples from fresh normal hearts used for valve harvesting. The results revealed a similar coronary capillary density and heterogeneity of capillary spacing in samples from both groups. A double-staining method was used to distinguish between capillary segments close to the feeding arteriole (proximal capillaries) and segments distant from the arteriole (distal capillaries). In both groups of hearts, capillary segment length was consistently shorter on the venular than the arteriolar portion of the capillary. Similarly, capillary domain areas were also smaller and the resulting capillary supply unit was smaller along venular portions compared to arteriolar regions of the capillary bed. This distinctive geometry would provide advantageous geometric conditions for tissue oxygen supply.

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Spatial Distribution of Coronary Capillaries: A-V Segment Staggering

Cited by 34 publications

References 5 publications

Fractal Branchings: The Basis of Myocardial Flow Heterogeneities?

Fractal Branchings: The Basis of Myocardial Flow Heterogeneities?

Strength training with partial ischaemia stimulates microvascular remodelling in rat calf muscles

Geometry of the Capillary Net in Human Hearts

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