Spatial distribution of frequency modulated signals in Uyo, Nigeria

The objectives of this study are to understudy the effects of temperature and relative humidity on low-band VHF signals, obtain a propagation model for signal transmission over Calabar and to ascertain the suitability of the free space propagation model for the study terrain. Results obtained shows that temperature and relative humidity has no effect on low-band VHF signals. The suitability of the free space propagation model for the study terrain failed, as calculated results underestimated path losses in the study area. Multiple regression analysis was used to obtain a suitable propagation model for the study terrain. However, since the studied meteorological variables has no effect on low-band VHF signals in the study area, the measured path losses could be attributed to foliage, hills, distance away from the transmitter and other components of the study terrain in which the signal is propagated.

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“…The highest low band VHF is 88-108 MHz which is used for the commercial FM radio broadcast band [3].…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Influence on Low-band Very High Frequency (VHF) Radio Waves

Ekah

Obi

Ewona

2022

AJARR

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“…Researchers have severally investigated the QoS of mobile networks [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The authors in [30] In [9], the authors analyzed UMTS networks in both rural and urban areas of Mwanza, Tanzania.…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration Depth Analysis of UMTS Networks Using Received Signal Code Power

Ekah

Emeruwa²

2022

JERR

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This paper examines the coverage of three UMTS networks in Calabar, using the received signal code power (RSCP). A drive test conducted with the aid of a TEMS investigation software, collected log files of RSCP which were analyzed as coverage plots by a TEMS discovery software and further put through statistical measures using excel. The low values of calculated standard error depicts that the data used in this study is accurate and not manipulated. The data distribution in MTN and 9mobile network were slightly leptokurtic but slightly mesokurtic for Airtel network. Again, the data distribution for the three networks were approximately symmetric. Finally, 81.5%, 96.36% and 92.1% of the drive test routes for 9 mobile, Airtel and MTN network met with the NCC performance threshold. The result of this study will assist RF engineers in the optimization of UMTS networks and also in designing propagation models for accurate transmission of UMTS network signals in the study area.

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“…When the transmitted signals interact with the tropospheric variables, the signals undergo absorption, interference, refraction, scattering, reflection, fading and attenuation [8,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. This introduces distortions to communication systems [33], causing transmission error and affecting signal quality [34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Influence on Call Setup in Mobile Networks

Ekah

Onuu²

2022

JERR

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The dependency of mobile network operators on the troposphere for signal transmission without pre-evaluation and characterization of the region where the signals are transmitted is the reason for the poor Quality of Services (QoS) delivered to their network subscribers. To describe the reliability of networks, one needs to know which weather parameters affect the propagation of signals. This research investigates the effect of weather variables (relative humidity, wind speed, rainfall and temperature) on call setup for four mobile networks (MTN, Airtel, Globacom and 9mobile) in Cross River State, Nigeria. Six years data of weather variables collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) and six years Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR) data obtained from the telecommunications regulatory body, Nigerian Communication Commission (NCC), was used in this study, both spanning from January 2015 to December 2020. From the collected data, graphs were plotted and, in each case, the CSSR was the dependent variable while the tropospheric variables were the independent variables. Also, regression models were obtained to forecast the CSSR of each network, provided the tropospheric variable at each given period is known. Finally, the variables were correlated to give a picture of how each tropospheric variable related to the CSSR of the networks. For MTN network, a low negative correlation was obtained for temperature and relative humidity, a low positive correlation was obtained for rainfall while an increase in windspeed led to a corresponding decrease in CSSR. For Airtel network, a moderately positive correlation existed between CSSR and windspeed/rainfall while a low positive relationship existed between temperature and CSSR. However, an increase in relative humidity led to more successful call setups. For Globacom network an increase in relative humidity, windspeed, and temperature moderately led to a decrease in the number of successful call setups while rainfall had a very low effect on call setup. Finally, for 9mobile network, an increase in temperature led to a moderate increase in call setup. Relative humidity and windspeed had a negligible effect on call setup while a moderately negative relationship existed between rainfall and call setup. The result of this study will be very useful to mobile network planners and the network operators.

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Spatial distribution of frequency modulated signals in Uyo, Nigeria

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Tropospheric Influence on Low-band Very High Frequency (VHF) Radio Waves

Tropospheric Influence on Low-band Very High Frequency (VHF) Radio Waves

Penetration Depth Analysis of UMTS Networks Using Received Signal Code Power

Tropospheric Influence on Call Setup in Mobile Networks

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