Spatial Distribution of Gestational Syphilis in Brazil: Socioeconomic and Health Services Inequalities

Dantas, Janmilli da Costa; Marinho, Cristiane da Silva Ramos; Pinheiro, Yago Tavares; Ferreira, Maria Ângela Fernandes; Silva, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.22-0449

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The substantial burden of excess suicide found in the North and Northeast regions is not surprising and may be partially explained by well-known socioeconomic inequalities, lower mental health service use and by the strongest direct effect of the Covid-19 pandemic in comparison with South region, for example (da Costa Dantas et al, 2023; Paula et al, 2014; Szwarcwald et al, 2016; Tiguman et al, 2022). In 2020 and especially in 2021, the Northeast region had the lowest average income in the employed population, regarding other Brazilian regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess suicides in Brazil during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender, regional and age group inequalities

Orellana,

de Souza,

Horta

2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: While the COVID-19 pandemic’s total impact on global mortality is uncertain, an estimated 15 million excess deaths occurred during the first two pandemic years, suggesting that a broad impact, since several causes of death showed a substantial rise. Aims: To estimate excess suicides in Brazil and evaluate differences within and between subgroups during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Based on suicide data from the mortality information system of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the expected number of suicides was estimated by age group, gender, 4-month periods and regions through quasi-Poisson generalized additive models. Analyses were performed in R software and RStudio. Results: Between March 2020 and February 2022, 29,295 suicides were reported in Brazil, close to what would be expected (30,116; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): [28,009, 32,224]), albeit in males and females aged 30 to 59 years and 60 years and over, there were excess suicides in at least one of the six 4-month periods evaluated, especially in the second pandemic year. In the Southeast region, a 28% increase was observed in women 60 years and older during the second year. In the North region, suicide increased 23% and 32% among women aged 30 to 59 years during the first and second pandemic years, respectively. The Northeast region had a 16% excess in suicides among men aged 30 to 59 years and 61% among women 60 years old and older during the second pandemic year, reaching 83% in July to October 2021. Conclusions: During the first 2 pandemic years, the pattern of suicides was not homogeneous in Brazil. There were substantial excess suicides in women aged 30 to 59 years from the North and Northeast, while among the elderly and men there was a consistent pattern in several four-month periods throughout Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess suicides in Brazil during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender, regional and age group inequalities

Orellana,

de Souza,

Horta

2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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“…Socioeconomic inequalities and limited access to healthcare services continued to have a significant impact on syphilis rates in 2021. In economically disadvantaged areas, syphilis rates were up to twice as high as in regions with better healthcare services and education [13,39,40]. A study conducted in a low-income area found that the syphilis rate was 2.5 times higher than in more prosperous areas in the same year [41,42].…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

Fajemiroye,

Moreira,

Ito

et al. 2023

Venereology

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In recent years, the global resurgence of syphilis has posed significant challenges to public health. This sexually transmitted infection, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, can have severe consequences if left untreated, including neurological and cardiovascular complications. Diagnosing syphilis is complex due to its diverse clinical presentations, necessitating a multifaceted approach, including serological, molecular, and direct techniques such as dark-field microscopy. Penicillin remains the primary and effective treatment, but emerging macrolide-resistant strains have spurred investigations into alternative antibiotics. Syphilis vaccine development faces unique hurdles, yet promising strategies are under investigation. Targeted prevention strategies focus on high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men, pregnant women, and individuals with multiple sexual partners. The integration of syphilis services into primary healthcare enhances accessibility, early detection, and treatment. Innovative point-of-care diagnostics offer rapid, sensitive testing, while ongoing vaccine research holds the potential for long-term prevention. Addressing the global burden of syphilis requires a multifaceted approach, encompassing immunological advancements, innovative diagnostics, targeted prevention, and primary healthcare integration. Collaborative efforts between governments, healthcare systems, researchers, and communities are essential to effectively combat syphilis, striving toward a syphilis-free future that promotes better sexual health and overall well-being.

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Spatial Distribution of Gestational Syphilis in Brazil: Socioeconomic and Health Services Inequalities

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Excess suicides in Brazil during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender, regional and age group inequalities

Excess suicides in Brazil during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender, regional and age group inequalities

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

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