Spatial Distribution of Leprosy in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Penna, Maria Lúcia Fernandes; Oliveira, Maria Leide W. de; Penna, Gerson de Oliveira

doi:10.3201/eid1504.081378

Cited by 65 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In t h e a n a l y s e s b y municipalities, three studies examined the N CDR of the country at different moments in time 10,16,17 , and showed concentration in the North and Midwest regions, and in the Northeastern states located in Legal Amazon. The study by Freitas et al 17 To homogenize results, we described NCDR for 100,000 inhabitants and CP for 10,000 inhabitants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 show the articles' summaries according to the scale used: two evaluated regions/ mesoregions 14,15 ; 13 used the scale of municipalities 10,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] ; 4 evaluated districts [28][29][30][31] ; 6 studied neighborhoods [32][33][34][35][36][37] ; 7 analyzed the census tracts [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] ; and 3 investigated households [45][46][47] . Within each scale, the articles were organized by location: Brazil, Northern, Northeast, Midwest, and Southeast regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil: a literature review

Silva

Fonseca

Kawa

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Leprosy remains a public health problem in developing countries. Among communicable diseases, it is one of the leading causes of permanent disability. Brazil had not reached the goal of reducing cases to less than 1 per 10,000 population. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of leprosy cases in Brazil, using a literature review. The search strategy included the LILACS and MEDLINE databases with no language or period restriction. Ecological studies with spatial data analysis were considered as a criterion for the inclusion. We found 38 studies for review after the selection criteria. Among the epidemiological indicators of the disease, the most common was the new case detection rate. Several articles have explored the association between spatial distribution of leprosy and socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors. The most common unit of analysis was the municipality. The spatial distribution methods mostly used were: empirical Bayesian method, autocorrelation (Moran's I index) and Kernel estimates. The distribution of leprosy was very heterogeneous, independent of t h e unit of analysis. There was a decrease in the rate of detection and among under-15-year-olds, but some regions maintained high endemicity during the study period. The distribution and risk of illness were directly related to living conditions of the population. Improved access to health services was associated with increased detection rate in some regions. Spatial analysis seems to be a very useful tool to study leprosy and to guide interventions and surveillance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil: a literature review

Silva

Fonseca

Kawa

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…1 illustrates their geographic locations. The PA counties were selected based on their geographic position to sample all of the regions of the state and to accommodate PA's leprosy clusters 1 and 7, as identified by Penna et al (2009).…”

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High rates of undiagnosed leprosy and subclinical infection amongst school children in the Amazon Region

Barreto

Guimarães

Frade

et al. 2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The conglomerate in the northern region of the state is part of cluster 4 of the Health Ministry, together with towns in the southern part of Bahia and the northeastern part of Minas Gerais 18 . The northern macro-region of the state is classified as a hyper-endemic region, confirming its priority condition for programs to control the disease in this state.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interest Financial Support Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial analysis of new cases of leprosy in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2004 and 2009

Sampaio

Rossi

Cerutti

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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INTRODUCTION: Leprosy in Brazil is a public health issue, and there are many regions in the State of Espírito Santo with high endemic incidence levels of leprosy, characterizing this state as a priority for leprosy programs. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of coefficients of new cases of leprosy in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive and ecologic study based on the spatial distribution of leprosy in the State of Espírito Santo between 2004 and 2009. Data were gathered from the available records of the Espírito Santo State Health Secretary. The global and local Bayesian empirical methods were used to produce an estimate of leprosy risk, smoothing the fluctuation effects of the detection coefficients. RESULTS: The study resulted in a coefficient adjustment of new cases in 10 towns that changed their classification, among which, 2 went from low to medium, 4 from medium to high, 3 from high to very high, and 1 from very high to hyper-endemic. An average variation of 1.02, fluctuating between 0 and 12.39 cases/100,000 inhabitants, was found in a comparative calculation between the Local Ebest value and the average coefficient of new leprosy cases in the State of Espírito Santo. CONCLUSIONS: The spatial analysis of leprosy favors the establishment of control strategies with a better cost-benefit relationship since it reveals specific and priority regions, thereby enabling the development of actions that can interfere in the transmission chain.

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Spatial Distribution of Leprosy in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Cited by 65 publications

References 3 publications

Spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil: a literature review

Spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil: a literature review

High rates of undiagnosed leprosy and subclinical infection amongst school children in the Amazon Region

Spatial analysis of new cases of leprosy in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2004 and 2009

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