Spatial distribution of live gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism in various parts of human large intestine

Chinda, Daisuke; Takada, Toshihiko; Mikami, Taisei; Shimizu, Kensuke; Oana, Kosuke; Arai, Takami; Akitaya, Kazuki; Sakuraba, Hirotake; Katto, Miyuki; Nagara, Yusuke; Makino, Hiroshi; Fujii, Daichi; Oishi, Kenji; Fukuda, Shinsaku

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07594-6

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The clinical efficacy of ICIs in gastric cancer is often discussed in relation to the gut microbiota similar to those of other cancers 10 . Specific bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium , may modify the bacterial flora and alter the antitumor immune microenvironment, resulting in improved responses to nivolumab in gastric cancers 11–14 . These effects on the gut microbiota may vary among races, regions, cancer types, or cancer stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 Specific bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium , may modify the bacterial flora and alter the antitumor immune microenvironment, resulting in improved responses to nivolumab in gastric cancers. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 These effects on the gut microbiota may vary among races, regions, cancer types, or cancer stages. Nevertheless, probiotics, such as CBM588 or other bifidogenic medications, may boost favorable immune reactions in a subset of cancer patients and can be clinically applied in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of probiotic use with nivolumab effectiveness against various cancers: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

et al. 2023

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BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed an association between probiotic use and effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in renal and lung cancers. However, little is known regarding other cancers, including gastrointestinal cancer.MethodsTo address this issue, we conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study and the duration of nivolumab treatment for various cancers was compared between probiotic users and non‐users.Results and ConclusionsIn total, 488 patients who received nivolumab therapy were included. In all cancers, no significant differences in treatment duration of nivolumab were observed between probiotic users and non‐users (median 62.0 vs. 56.0, hazard ratio = 1.02, p = 0.825), whereas probiotic use, compared with non‐use, in patients with gastric cancer was significantly associated with a longer duration of nivolumab treatment (55.0 vs. 31.0 days, hazard ratio = 0.69, p = 0.039). In conclusion, probiotics may improve the response to nivolumab and potentially prolong progression‐free survival in patients with gastric cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of probiotic use with nivolumab effectiveness against various cancers: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

et al. 2023

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“…Microbial frequencies span a broad distribution encompassing extremely rare and highly prevalent taxa [ 28 , 29 ]. Moreover, most microbes are absent from most samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mi-Mic: a novel multi-layer statistical test for microbiota-disease associations

Shtossel,

Finkelstein,

Louzoun

2024

Genome Biol

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Abstractmi-Mic, a novel approach for microbiome differential abundance analysis, tackles the key challenges of such statistical tests: a large number of tests, sparsity, varying abundance scales, and taxonomic relationships. mi-Mic first converts microbial counts to a cladogram of means. It then applies a priori tests on the upper levels of the cladogram to detect overall relationships. Finally, it performs a Mann-Whitney test on paths that are consistently significant along the cladogram or on the leaves. mi-Mic has much higher true to false positives ratios than existing tests, as measured by a new real-to-shuffle positive score.

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“…Owing to its unique cellular, molecular, and anatomical features, the gut is thought to be a crucial habitat for good bacteria to maintain their health-promoting properties. Every animal, including humans, comes into touch with a wide variety of distinct bacteria throughout their lifetimes in their intestines [4]. The bacteria that make up the gut microflora have been chosen by evolution based on their ability to thrive and multiply in the intestinal environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Science Underlying the Probiotic Strain Bifidobacterium in Beneficial Effects on Immunological and Gastrointestinal Health

Ali,

Islam,

Fakir

et al. 2024

IJI

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Probiotics have demonstrated a lot of promise in improving gut health in humans. Despite the encouraging data, nothing is known about the therapeutic effectiveness of many of the probiotics on the market, and it's sometimes unclear how they work. Humans have long used Bifidobacterium, a well-known, multifunctional probiotic, to treat gastrointestinal, immunological, and infectious disorders. It is also therapeutically useful. This review provides a theoretical framework for comprehending the mechanisms of action of Bifidobacterium and highlights the functional advantages from the most pertinent animal and clinical trials. The genus Bifidobacterium belongs to the Actinobacteria phylum. = Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria constitute the most abundant phyla in the human intestinal microbiota, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes being predominant in adults, and Actinobacteria in breast-fed infants, where bifidobacteria can reach levels higher than 90% of the total bacterial population. They are among the first microbial colonizers of the intestines of newborns, and play key roles in the development of their physiology, including maturation of the immune system and use of dietary components. Indeed, some nutrients, such as human milk oligosaccharides, are important drivers of bifidobacterial development. Some Bifidobacterium strains are considered probiotic microorganisms because of their beneficial effects, and they have been included as bioactive ingredients in functional foods, mainly dairy products, as well as in food supplements and pharma products, alone, or together with, other microbes or microbial substrates. Well-documented scientific evidence of their activities is currently available for bifidobacteria containing preparations in some intestinal and extraintestinal pathologies. In particular, it regulates luminal metabolism, maintains gut microbiota stability, and eventually promotes a precisely calibrated homeostatic equilibrium in the host-microbiome relationship. An ideal probiotic selection would benefit from clinical proof of the multifunctional activities' efficacy and mechanism of action.

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Spatial distribution of live gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism in various parts of human large intestine

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

Association of probiotic use with nivolumab effectiveness against various cancers: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

Association of probiotic use with nivolumab effectiveness against various cancers: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

mi-Mic: a novel multi-layer statistical test for microbiota-disease associations

The Science Underlying the Probiotic Strain Bifidobacterium in Beneficial Effects on Immunological and Gastrointestinal Health

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