Spatial distribution of nitrification and denitrification in an acid forest soil

Lensi, R.; Lescure, C.; Clays-Josserand, Annie; Gourbière, F.

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(91)90195-2

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The variation is typically seen as high coefficient of variation in emissions data. The variation seems to be an indigenous property displayed even at the smallest soil aggregate level (Lensi et al, 1991). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Production from Soils Amended with Biogas Residues and Cattle Slurry

2013

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The amount of residues generated from biogas production has increased dramatically due to the worldwide interest in renewable energy. A common way to handle the residues is to use them as fertilizers in crop production. Application of biogas residues to agricultural soils may be accompanied with environmental risks, such as increased NO emission. In 24-d laboratory experiments, NO dynamics and total production were studied in arable soils (sandy, clay, and organic) amended with one of two types of anaerobically digested biogas residues (BR-A and BR-B) generated from urban and agricultural waste and nondigested cattle slurry (CS) applied at rates corresponding to 70 kg NH-N ha. Total NO-N losses from the sandy soil were higher after amendment with BR-B (0.32 g NO-N m) than BR-A or CS (0.02 and 0.18 g NO-N m, respectively). In the clay soil, NO-N losses were very low for CS (0.02 g NO-N m) but higher for BR-A and BR-B (0.25 and 0.15 g NO-N m, respectively). In the organic soil, CS gave higher total NO-N losses (0.31 g NO-N m) than BR-A or BR-B (0.09 and 0.08 g NO-N m, respectively). Emission peaks differed considerably between soils, occurring on Day 1 in the organic soil and on Days 11 to 15 in the sand, whereas in the clay the peak varied markedly (Days 1, 6, and 13) depending on residue type. In all treatments, NH concentration decreased with time, and NO concentration increased. Potential ammonium oxidation and potential denitrification activity increased significantly in the amended sandy soil but not in the organic soil and only in the clay amended with CS. The results showed that fertilization with BR can increase NO emissions and that the size is dependent on the total N and organic C content of the slurry and on soil type. In conclusion, the two types of BR and the CS are not interchangeable regarding their effects on NO production in different soils, and, hence, matching fertilizer type to soil type could reduce NO emissions. For instance, it could be advisable to avoid fertilization of organic soils with CS containing high amounts or organic C and instead use BR. In clay soil, however, the risk of NO emissions could be lowered by choosing a CS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Production from Soils Amended with Biogas Residues and Cattle Slurry

2013

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“…The first mechanism is only important in summer but the second mechanism can still consume substantial quantities of nitrate when the soil temperature is very low. Microbial de‐nitrification has long been regarded as an important route of nitrate removal (Ryden & Rolston, 1983; Christensen, Simkins & Tiedje, 1990; Lensi et al. , 1991) but there is still some debate as to whether maximum rates are recorded in the autumn (Pinay, Roques & Fabre, 1993) or during the winter (Groffman & Hanson, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of four lakes in the English Lake District

2004

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1. Thirty-six years of winter meteorological and limnological measurements from four lakes in the English Lake District are analysed and related to variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Winter weather conditions were strongly influenced by the NAO with mild, wet winters being associated with strongly positive values of the NAO index (NAOI). 2. Lake surface and bottom temperatures were strongly positively correlated with the NAOI, with the highest correlations being recorded in the shallower lakes. 3. Variations in the NAOI also had a significant effect on the winter concentration of nitrate. In all the lakes, there was a significant negative correlation between the NAOI and the detrended winter concentration of nitrate. The key driving variable was the local air temperature, which appeared to limit the quantity of nitrate reaching the lake by increasing the amount assimilated in the surrounding catchment in mild winters. 4. Dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations were not significantly correlated with the NAOI in the two larger basins but significant positive correlations were recorded in the two smaller lakes. The key driving variable was the local rainfall with higher DRP concentrations being recorded after heavy rain in the lakes with a short retention time. 5. The NAOI-related changes in rainfall also influenced the phytoplankton. In wet winters the concentration of chlorophyll in the two smaller lakes with the shortest retention time was lower and the spring growth of Asterionella formosa was delayed in the smallest lake. 6. These differential responses demonstrate how the large-scale effects associated with the NAO can be 'filtered' by the physical characteristics of a particular site.

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“…Nitrification, the bacterial oxidation of ammonium into nitrate, is known to be highly variable in time and space in various soils, including tropical soils (Lodhi 1977; Schimel & Parton 1986; Wedin & Tilman 1990; Lensi et al 1991; Zak & Grigal 1991; Ross, Luizão & Luizão 1992; Davidson & Hackler 1994; De Boer, Klein Gunnewiek & Parkinson 1996). Lack of nitrification is generally linked to low nutrient availability and is supposed to improve nitrogen conservation by suppressing denitrification and limiting mineral nitrogen leaching (Huber et al 1977; Jordan, Todd & Escalante 1979; Vitousek et al 1979; Keeney 1986; Robertson 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable coexistence of contrasted nitrification statuses in a wet tropical savanna ecosystem

et al. 1999

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Summary 1.Wet tropical savannas are characterized by strong environmental constraints-particularly low soil nutrient availability-associated with high plant productivity. Nitrogen recycling, and especially nitrification, is supposed to be a strong determinant of the balance between conservation and loss of nutrients at the ecosystem level. Savanna facies dominated by the grass Hyparrhenia diplandra (Andropogoneae) are known to exhibit low levels of nitrification and thus avoid nitrate losses. 2. By comparing two sites in the Lamto area (Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa) with similar soil physico-chemical characteristics and equally dominated by H. diplandra (80% of the grass cover), it was demonstrated that, within this facies, nitrification is highly heterogeneous, with a 240-fold variation in potential nitrification within a specific site. 3. In order to test whether these differences can be considered as permanent in this ecosystem, nitrate reductase activities were compared on H. diplandra plantlets from the two sites, cultivated under identical conditions in the presence of nitrate. The leaves of plants originating from the high nitrification site were always able to reduce nitrate at a significantly higher rate than those from the low nitrification site. This observation indicates a long-term adaptation of the plants and stable nitrification behaviour. 4. Lamto can thus be considered as a contrasted dual ecosystem relative to its nitrogen cycle. The two sites studied therefore constitute useful models to assess the determinism of nitrification in wet savannas and the role of this process on nitrogen retention in such ecosystems.

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Spatial distribution of nitrification and denitrification in an acid forest soil

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Nitrous Oxide Production from Soils Amended with Biogas Residues and Cattle Slurry

Nitrous Oxide Production from Soils Amended with Biogas Residues and Cattle Slurry

The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of four lakes in the English Lake District

Stable coexistence of contrasted nitrification statuses in a wet tropical savanna ecosystem

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