Spatial Distribution of Solanum elaeagnifolium in the Tunisian Arid Region Using GIS Tools

Sayari, Najla; Allouche, Faiza Khebour; Laarif, Amal; Mekki, Mounir

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63668-5_5

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In Egypt, it caused a 30% reduction in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) yields (Amer 2021). In Tunisia, the weed was found in a very large area of irrigated crops (>2,300 ha) causing yield reductions in annual summer crops (Sayari et al 2021). In Morocco, the weed can cause up to 64% yield reduction in maize, while the 1,000-grain weight and the number of grains per bushel are negatively affected (Baye and Bouhache 2007), and since its introduction in the country, land value has decreased by 25% (Gmira et al 1998).…”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Egypt, the spread has been rapid, and within 82 yr of first being reported, it has been detected 420 km west of the first site located near the eastern border of the country and has become established in cropland and perennial crops, across the railway network, along roadsides, and within abandoned sites (Amer 2021). In the El Alem region of Tunisia, where semiarid conditions prevail, S. elaeagnifolium covers about 40% to 60% of the soil in irrigated areas, occurring in scattered spots in 54% of surveyed zones and in uniform infestations in 30% of the zones (Sayari et al 2021). In the survey zone set by Sayari and Mekki (2021), it was found that S. elaeagnifolium infestation increased by 72.5 ha in just 6 yr.…”

Section: Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sudden and heavy summer rainfall is capable of triggering a new wave of weed seed germination (Rutherford 1978). Typically, S. elaeagnifolium spreads in many areas of Tunisia where summers are hot and arid, and the average maximum annual temperature is 36 C (Mekki 2006), and typically in the El Alam region, where annual rainfall is 300 to 400 mm, winters are mild and rainy, summers are hot and dry, and soils are light (Sayari et al 2021). In Algeria, it was observed that S. elaeagnifolium does not thrive in areas where the Saharan climate prevails and is mainly found near Mediterranean climates where the lowest average temperature (3 C) is observed in January (Adjim and Kazi Tani 2018).…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology of Invasive Plants 5. Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.

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Frazão

et al. 2023

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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The family Solanaceae lists about 1,400 species worldwide, of which 143 are considered weeds (Sheppard et al. 2006). The genus Solanum is the most numerous of the family Solanaceae. Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. belongs to the clade Leptostemonum, commonly known as the “spiny solanum” clade. Solanum elaeagnifolium is native to northern Mexico and the American Southwest. A revision for the S. elaeagnifolium clade and analytic phytokeys are provided by Knapp et al. (2017). The silvery color of its leaves and their resemblance to the leaves of the olive tree (Elaeagnus) were the reasons for naming the species elaeagnifolium (Heap and Carter 1999). Nowadays, it is commonly known as silverleaf nightshade (Boyd et al. 1984). According to Krigas et al. (2021), in northern Greece S. elaeagnifolium is also called “Lernaean Hydra,” due to its intense regrowth after herbicide treatment. Solanum elaeagnifolium is known in South Africa as silverleaf bitter apple or Satansbos (Satan’s bush), indicating how harmful it is to the country (Wilson et al. 2013). In America and other parts of the world, it has received various names over the years, such as white horsenettle, bullnettle, tomatillo, meloncillo, and trompillo (Davis et al. 1945; Kwong et al. 2006). In Algeria, farmers call it echouka, which means thorn, because of the multiple spines on the stem (Adjim and Kazi Tani 2018). In South Korea, it received the name Eun-bit-kka-ma-jung, which is a combination of its silvery coloration and a common plant in the country (Hong et al. 2014).

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Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology of Invasive Plants 5. Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.

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Moreira

Frazão

et al. 2023

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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“…Monitoring for new invasions, mapping technologies, early detection at field scale, 49 and the soil seedbank analysis are also significant tools that allow the effective monitoring and management of silverleaf nightshade. Monitoring actions should be conducted in a broad range of land‐use types to identify the significant reservoirs of the weed for dispersal of its propagules (such as grasslands and road networks) 28 and should also include reproducible maps by using novel mapping technologies 50 . An indicative list of integrated management techniques and methods for Solanum elaeagnifolium is presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Integrated Management Of Important Ips: Two Case‐studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early detection, herbicide resistance screening, and integrated management of invasive plant species: a review

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Kanatas

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Invasive plant species (IPS) are often considered weeds that cause high yield losses in crops, negatively affect the environment, and disrupt certain ecosystem services. The negative impact of IPS on biodiversity is increasing and disturbing native vegetation. The management of plant invasions can be divided in two phases (before and after invasion). Prior to introduction it is crucial to develop the knowledge base (biology, ecology, distribution, impact, management) on IPS, prevention measures and risk assessment. After introduction if eradication fails, the monitoring and the integrated management of IPS are imperative to prevent the naturalization and further dispersal. This review uses two major invasive weed species (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. and Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) as case studies to propose a framework for early detection, rapid herbicide resistance screening, and integrated management. The holistic framework that is presented exploits recent: (i) novel detection tools, (ii) rapid tests and assays for herbicide resistance, and (iii) biology, ecology, distribution traits, and management tools for the IPS. Farmers, advisors, researchers, and policymakers need briefing on IPS growth dynamics, adaptability rates, and response to conventional and novel treatments to prevent new invasions, eradicate isolated stands, and mitigate the impact of invasive weed species in the long term.

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